1. Cold War

2. What is the Cold War?
Conflict between U.S. (and her allies) and the Soviet Union over communism

3. Cold War Began almost immediately after WW2.
Germany gets divided in two
East Germany (Communist)
West Germany (Capitalist)
Soviets build a wall through the center of Berlin (Berlin Wall)
Becomes a symbol of the cold war and Iron Curtain
Built mainly to keep people on the communist side

4. What was the Berlin Wall?
Everything to the east of the wall is Communist and everything to the west of the wall is Capitalist

5. What was the Truman Doctrine?
The United States and her allies formulate a policy based on the Truman Doctrine to keep Communism from Spreading. We call this the Containment Policy.
We try to keep communism from spreading by:
Giving at risk nations money
Using military force
Covert (secret) operations

6. What is NATO?
The United States and her allies form an official alliance called NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
Big players: United States, Great Britain, Canada, France
Each member nation agreed to have each others backs if attacked

7. What was the Warsaw Pact?
The Soviet Union tries to duplicate NATO with it’s own alliance called the Warsaw Pact
Includes: USSR (Soviet Union), East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia
Each member nation agreed to have each others backs if attacked

8. What’s up with China and Communism?
China Falls to the Communists
Competing political movements in China agree to work together to fight the Japanese during WW2
After WW2, those movement begin fighting again (Communist vs Capitalist)
Communists win and China becomes communist
People blame Truman for allowing China to become communist

9. What was the Korean War?
Much like in China competing political forces wage a war over communism
North Korea (Communist) invades South Korea (Capitalist)
General MacArthur pushes the communists back past the 38th Parallel.
President Truman and General Macarthur disagree about pursuing the war into North Korea
MacArthur wants to keep fighting
Truman says no
MacArthur violates the chain of command
Truman fires MacArthur
Korean War ends with a North Korea and a South Korea

10. What is McCarthyism?
Persecution of suspected Communists in the United States during the 1950’s
Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin gains popularity by accusing people of being communist
Many people are too afraid to oppose him lest they be accused of being communist themselves
Many Hollywood stars are “black listed” denied work because they are suspected communists.

11. What was the Arms Race?
The build up of nuclear weapons by the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. with the hope of deterring each other from using them
Both sides of the cold war began stockpiling (collecting) nuclear weapons.
The side with the most weapons would win if ever there was a nuclear war
After a while it became apparent that if there ever was a nuclear war, there were so many nuclear weapons that we would blow the entire planet up.

12. What was the Space Race?
The race by the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. to out do each other in aerospace achievements.
The U.S.S.R. launches Sputnik, the first man made satellite (1957)
The U.S. freaks out because we think they are much more intelligent
The U.S. Counters with Explorer (1958)
The U.S.S.R. puts the first man in space, Yuri Gagarin, (1961)
The U.S. Counters with Alan Shepard three weeks later
The U.S. has John Glenn from Ohio orbit the earth 3 times in 1962
The U.S. wins the space race when Neil Armstrong walks on the moon in 1969