1. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
BODY PLANES
updated, fall 2008

2. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
BODY PLANES
Fixed lines of reference along which the body is often divided or sectioned
Allows for a three-dimensional perspective
updated, fall 2008

3. MEDIAN or MIDSAGITTAL PLANE
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
MEDIAN or MIDSAGITTAL PLANE
Divides the body into EQUAL left and right halves
updated, fall 2008

4. FRONTAL or CORONAL PLANE
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
FRONTAL or CORONAL PLANE
Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
updated, fall 2008

5. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
TRANSVERSE PLANE
Divides body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) parts
updated, fall 2008

6. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Cephalic or Cranial
Transverse
Caudal
updated, fall 2008

7. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

8. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
ANATOMICAL POSITION
Standing erect
Facing forward
Arms at side
Palms forward
updated, fall 2008

9. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
ANTERIOR/VENTRAL
Means to the front (belly) side of the body
updated, fall 2008

10. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
POSTERIOR/DORSAL
Means the back side of the body
updated, fall 2008

11. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
SUPERIOR
Above another structure
Stomach is superior to the large intestine
updated, fall 2008

12. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
INFERIOR
Below another structure
Vagina is inferior to the uterus
updated, fall 2008

13. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
LATERAL
Means to the side
The eyes are lateral to the nose
updated, fall 2008

14. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
MEDIAL
Means middle or near the medial plane
The nose is medial to the eyes
updated, fall 2008

15. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
PROXIMAL
Means near the point of attachment to the trunk
Proximal end of the femur (near the hip bone)
updated, fall 2008

16. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
DISTAL
Means away from the point of attachment to the trunk
Distal end of the femur (near the patella)
updated, fall 2008

17. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Let’s Practice!
updated, fall 2008

18. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

19. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
UP is in the word supine
updated, fall 2008

20. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
DEEP VS. SUPERFICIAL
updated, fall 2008

21. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

22. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

23. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Spaces within the body containing vital organs
Two MAIN Cavities
Dorsal – (posterior) on
the back side of the body
Cranial – holds the brain
Spinal Cavity – holds the
spinal cord
Dorsal – one long cavity
Ventral – larger than the Dorsal cavity
Diaphragm – muscle separating the thoracic & abdominal cavities
Abdominopelvic cavity – the abdominal & pelvic cavities combined
updated, fall 2008

24. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Two MAIN Cavities
Ventral – (anterior) on the belly side of the body
Thoracic – holds the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
Abdominal – holds organs of the digestive & urinary systems
Stomach, small intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, & part of the large intestine
Pelvic – contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, remaining part of the large intestine & the appendix
Dorsal – one long cavity
Ventral – larger than the Dorsal cavity
Diaphragm – muscle separating the thoracic & abdominal cavities
Abdominopelvic cavity – the abdominal & pelvic cavities combined
updated, fall 2008

25. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

26. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

27. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Abdominal cavity is divided into nine regions
Regions are used to describe the location of the organ, injury or pain
updated, fall 2008

28. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
EPIGASTRIC
Upper, center area above the stomach
updated, fall 2008

29. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
UMBILICAL
The region surrounding the umbilicus
updated, fall 2008

30. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
HYPOGASTRIC
Area just below the umbilical region
updated, fall 2008

31. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
HYPOCHONDRIAC
Just below the ribs, immediately over the abdomen
On either side of the epigastric region
A left and a right side
updated, fall 2008

32. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
LUMBAR
Near the waist
On either side of the umbilical region
A left and a right side
updated, fall 2008

33. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
ILIAC or INGUINAL
Located near the upper portion of the hipbone
On either side of the hypogastric region
A left and a right side
updated, fall 2008

34. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008

35. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
QUADRANTS
updated, fall 2008

36. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
QUADRANTS
A simpler way to divide the abdominal cavity is into QUADRANTS
updated, fall 2008

37. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
On the right anterior side
Contains part of the liver, the gallbladder, parts of the pancreas and intestinal tract
updated, fall 2008

38. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
On the right anterior side
Contains the appendix, parts of the intestines, female reproductive organs and the urinary tract
updated, fall 2008

39. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
On the left anterior side
Contains the stomach, spleen, and parts of the liver, pancreas and intestines
updated, fall 2008

40. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
On the left anterior side
Contains parts of the intestines, reproductive organs of the female and the urinary tract
updated, fall 2008

41. Body Cavities-Planes-Regions & Directional Terms
updated, fall 2008