1. Arithmetic Instructions By Dr. S. N. Sampat, Team leader Ms. R. P
Arithmetic Instructions By Dr. S. N. Sampat, Team leader Ms. R. P. Merchant, Member Mr. A. K. Bilakhia, Member RC-1093 , Group-004, Domain-Electrical and Allied branches Team for OER creation IDP in Educational Technology, IIT Bombay
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2. Learning Objectives for Arithmetic Instructions
Define Arithmetic instruction.
Define status of source and destination registers before and after execution of Arithmetic instruction
Define status of flags after execution of Arithmetic instruction.
Apply different Arithmetic instructions to achieve same operation.
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3. Arithmetic Instructions
These instructions perform the operations like:
Addition
Subtraction
Increment
Decrement
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4. Arithmetic Instructions
ADD R
ADD M
The contents of register or memory are added to the contents of accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
If the operand is memory location, its address is specified by H-L pair.
Example: ADD C or ADD M
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5. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION A 20 A 50
ADD C
A=A+R B C 30 D E H L B C 30 D E H L
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6. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION
ADD M
A=A+M A 20 A 30 B C D E H 20 L 50 B C D E H 20 L 50
2050H
2050H 10 10
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7. Arithmetic Instructions
ADC R
ADC M
The contents of register or memory and Carry Flag (CY) are added to the contents of accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
If the operand is memory location, its address is specified by H-L pair. All flags are modified to reflect the result of the addition.
Example: ADC C or ADC M
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8. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION CY 1 CY A 50 A 71 B C 20 D E H L B C 20 D E H L
ADC C
A=A+R+CY
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9. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION 30 30 CY 1 CY
ADC M
A=A+M+CY
2050H
2050H A 20 A 51 H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
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10. Arithmetic Instructions
ADI 8-bit data
The 8-bit data is added to the contents of accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
Example: ADI 10 H
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11. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION
ADI 10H
A=A+DATA(8) A 50 A 60
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12. Arithmetic Instructions
ACI 8-bit data
The 8-bit data and the Carry Flag (CY) are added to the contents of accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
Example: ACI 20 H
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13. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION
ACI 20H
A=A+DATA
(8)+CY CY 1 CY A 30 A 51
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14. Arithmetic Instructions
DAD Register pair
The 16-bit contents of the register pair are added to the contents of H-L pair.
The result is stored in H-L pair.
If the result is larger than 16 bits, then CY is set.
Example: DAD D
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15. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION CY CY SP SP
DAD D
HL=HL+R B C D 10 E 20 H L 50 B C D 10 E 20 H 30 L 70
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16. Arithmetic Instructions
SUB R
SUB M
The contents of the register or memory location are subtracted from the contents of the accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
If the operand is memory location, its address is specified by H-L pair.
Example: SUB B or SUB M
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17. Arithmetic Instructions
AFTER EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION A 50 A 20 B 30 C D E H L
SUB B
A=A-R B 30 C D E H L
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18. Arithmetic Instructions
AFTER EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION 10 10
1020H A 50
1020H A 40
SUB M
A=A-M H 10 L 20 H 10 L 20
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19. Arithmetic Instructions
SBB R
SBB M
The contents of the register or memory location and Borrow Flag (i.e.CY) are subtracted from the contents of the accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
If the operand is memory location, its address is specified by H-L pair.
Example: SBB C or SBB M
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20. Arithmetic Instructions
AFTER EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION CY 1 CY A 40 A 19
SBB C
A=A-R-CY B C 20 D E H L B C 20 D E H L
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21. Arithmetic Instructions
AFTER EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION 10 10 CY 1 CY
2050H
2050H A 50 A 39
SBB M
A=A-M-CY H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
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22. Arithmetic Instructions
SUI 8-bit data
OPERATION: A=A-DATA(8)
The 8-bit immediate data is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
Example: SUI 45 H
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23. Arithmetic Instructions
SBI 8-bit data
The 8-bit data and the Borrow Flag (i.e. CY) is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator.
The result is stored in accumulator.
Example: SBI 20 H
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24. Arithmetic Instructions
AFTER EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION
SBI 20H
A=A-DATA(8)-CY CY CY 1 A 29 A 50
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25. Arithmetic Instructions
INR R
INR M
The contents of register or memory location are incremented by 1.
The result is stored in the same place.
If the operand is a memory location, its address is specified by the contents of H-L pair.
Example: INR B or INR M
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26. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION A A A
INR B
R=R+1 B 10 C D E H L B 10 C D E H L B 11 C D E H L
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27. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION 31 30
INR M
M=M+1 H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
2050H
2050H
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28. Arithmetic Instructions
INX Rp
The contents of register pair are incremented by 1.
The result is stored in the same place.
Example: INX H
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29. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION
INX H
RP=RP+1 SP SP B C D E H 11 L 21 B C D E H 10 L 20
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30. Arithmetic Instructions
DCR R
DCR M
The contents of register or memory location are decremented by 1.
The result is stored in the same place.
If the operand is a memory location, its address is specified by the contents of H-L pair.
Example: DCR E or DCR M
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31. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION A A B C D E 20 H L
DCR E
R=R-1 B C D E 19 H L
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32. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION 20 21
DCR M
M=M-1 H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
2050H
2050H
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33. Arithmetic Instructions
DCX Rp
The contents of register pair are decremented by 1.
The result is stored in the same place.
Example: DCX D
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34. Arithmetic Instructions
BEFORE EXECUTION
AFTER EXECUTION SP SP
DCX D
RP=RP-1 B C D 10 E 19 H L B C D 10 E 20 H L
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35. Thank you all
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