1. Elements of a crime

2. A crime is _________or ____________ ____________ that is prohibited and punishable by federal statute
Omission to act means some crimes are ________________________________
Example: Failure to stop at the scene
of an accident you were
involved in

3. The four following conditions must be present for an act or omission to be considered a crime:
The act is ________________________
The act ___________________in general or _________________________________
The harm is _____________
The remedy must be handled by the ___________________________________.

4. Example: Shoplifting increases prices at stores for all consumers
A crime is considered to be ________________________ _____________________________________________
Example: Shoplifting increases prices at stores for all consumers
Criminal law is the body of laws that ______________ acts that _____________, ______________, and the entire community.
The purpose of criminal law is to:
________________________________________

5. A _____________ statute that contains the majority of the criminal laws passed by government.
It lists the __________, the _______________ to be imposed, and the _______________to follow when trying those accused of crimes (called a code because it combines descriptions and procedures)
Occasionally amended to ____________________________
Other federal laws also contain criminal offenses such as the Controlled Drugs and Substance Act

6. Administration of the criminal justice system is shared between the _________________________governments
Federal government ______________ ___________________but state courts also have laws.
________________________________are laws covering less serious offences; most often punishable by fines

7. Actus Reus – ____________is the _________________ action, ___________, or state of being that is prohibited by law
Mens Rea – ________________ demonstrates a _____________ intention to commit a wrongful act, with reckless ___________ _________________________; implies __________________

8. An Omission: A State of Being: An Action:
Most criminal cases involve a _________________ _________________ __________________that either cause:
________________to a person or group of people
Damage to ______________
Example: Striking someone without consent is assault
An Omission:
______________ ______________ can be considered a wrongful act because it is an omission
Example: An infant child dies from malnutrition because its parents are not feeding it enough food
A State of Being:
Certain offences may be neither an action or omission ______ _______________ _______________
Example: Being in possession of stolen goods or break-in tools

9. Intent
Intent is a state of mind in which ________________________________ ___________________________(break the law), knows what the results will be, and is reckless regarding the consequences and must be proven by the Prosecution
Example: “Implies force intentionally”
General Intent – A person commits a wrongful act ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
Example: Joe got really mad and hit Fred. Proving Joe hit Fred establishes Mens Rea.
Specific Intent – A person commits _________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Example: Joe hit Fred so he could rob him. Proving Joe hit Fred with the specific intent to rob him establishes Mens Rea.

10. Motive Motive is the ____________ that a person commits a crime
Not the same as Intent
Although useful at trial, motive _________one of the elements the Prosecution must prove to get a conviction
Example:
Intent = Joe hit Fred with the specific intent to rob him.
Motive = Joe had outstanding gambling debts.

11. Knowledge
Knowledge is an _________________________that can be used to establish mens rea
Example: The Prosecutor only must prove that a person knowingly circulated a forged document.
It is ____________________for the Prosecutor to establish general or specific intent.

12. Criminal Negligence Recklessness Wilful Blindness
A person’s __________________________________________for the lives and safety of others through his _________________________ to do anything that is his duty to do so; sometimes causing injury or death
Example: Leaving a loaded weapon on the night table beside the bed and a child picks it up and accidently shoots her friend
Recklessness
Consciously _______________________ that a reasonable person
would not take.
Example: Not wearing your required glasses while driving and cause a serious accident
Wilful Blindness
Deliberately closing your mind to the _________________________ _____________________________________________________
Example: Buying a cheap TV from someone that has no serial numbers

13. Strict and Absolute Liability
Regulatory Laws are federal or state statutes meant to ______________________________
Less serious offenses
Court _____________________ Mens Rea
Laws do not include words like ____________________.
Examples: Environmental protection, Workplace safety, Traffic offences

14. Strict and Absolute Liability
Liability is being _____________________ for a wrongful action
Divided into two categories – ____________ liability and _____________ liability

15. Absolute Liability Offences Strict Liability Offences
No _________________________
Courts must find the __________ __________ once facts established and the Prosecution demonstrates the accused was ______________.
Because offenders can offer no defence once the facts have been established _________________ ________________________.
Examples: Driving without a licence or speeding
Strict Liability Offences
The accused may _____________ that the offence took place but then offer the defence of due diligence.
Due diligence is ________________________________________to avoid committing the offence was taken.
Examples: Employee got hurt, but employer provided full safety training and safety equipment