1. Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia

2. Characteristics of Mammals
Endothermic-controlling metabolism & regulating heat loss
Hair-all mammals have it for insulation & protection
Cool off by panting or sweating
Two-loop circulatory system w/4-chambered heart completely divided
Several types of glands – salvia, sweat, oil, digestive enzymes, hormones, milk & scent.
Mammary glands – secret milk for young
Diaphragm – muscle below lungs to aid in respiration

3. More Characteristics Nervous System
Single solid jawbone with specialized teeth according to diet
Pointed or chisel-like incisors
Canines
Premolars and molars
Nervous System
Cerebrum – largest part of brain – used for thinking & learning.
Medulla oblongata – controls involuntary bodily functions
Cerebellum – controls movement & coordination

4. Mammal Classification
Placental mammals – give birth to live young that have developed in uterus. Nourished from placenta. The time of development in the uterus is gestation.
About 90% of all mammals are placental.
There are 19 orders of placental mammals.

5. More Common orders of Mammals
Rodentia –rodents, squirrels
Edentata – anteaters, sloths, armadillos
Lagomorpha – rabbits, hares
Insectivora – shrews, moles
Primates – lemurs, monkeys, apes, humans
Chiroptera – bats –only flyer
Artiodactyla –even # toes deer, elk, cattle, sheep
Perissodactyla – odd # toes horses, zebras, rhinos
Cetacea – whales, dolphins
Sirenia – manatees, dugongs
Proboscidea – elephant – two types African or Asian

6. © 2001 California Academy of Sciences
Susan Middleton
© 2003 Susan Middleton

7. Mammal classification
Order Marsupialia – viviparous
Two births- 1st half inside mother and 2nd half grows in pouch on outside of mother.
Kangaroos, opossums, koala
Australia, New Guinea, N. America

8. Mammal classification
Order Monotremata –
monotremes – oviparous
Duck-billed Platypus
Spiny anteater (echidnas)
Found only in Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea
Only three species of monotremes alive today.