1. The Periodic Table

2. Assignment
Read
Chapter 1, section 2-4

3. The Periodic Table
Periodic means occurring or appearing at regular intervals
The Periodic table is designed so that elements with similar characteristics occur or appear at regular intervals

4. The Periodic Table The table can be divided in many ways Method 1
Metals (brown)
Nonmetal (purple)
Metalloids or Semi-metals (green)

5. The Periodic Table Metals
Most are solid at room temperature (except mercury, Hg)
Usually are shiny solids when freshly cut
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Malleable (meaning can be flattened into a sheet)
Ductile (meaning can be drawn into a wire)
Most have high melting points and boiling points

6. The Periodic Table Nonmetals Metalloids or Semi-metals
11 are gases, 5 are brittle solids, and 1 is a liquid at room temperature
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Most have low melting points and boiling points
Metalloids or Semi-metals
The seven elements that separate the metals and nonmetals
The metalloids tend to have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Ex: Silicon
Metal-like in that it is a shiny solid
Nonmetal-like in that it is a brittle solid
Conductivity lies between that of a metal and non-metal

7. The Periodic Table
Method 3
Group
Period

8. The Periodic Table Groups
Indicated by the number at the top of each column
All elements within a group have similar characteristics or properties

9. The Periodic Table Group 1 – Alkali metals Soft, shiny metals
Low melting points compared to other metals
Most reactive of the metals that are not radioactive
When added to water they form a highly alkaline (basic) solution – hence the name alkali metals

10. The Periodic Table Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Shiny solids
Less reactive than the Alkali metals
Higher melting points than the Alkali metals

11. The Periodic Table Group 17 – Halogens All are gases except Bromine
Colorful, corrosive nonmetals
Most reactive of all the nonmetals
The group name halogen comes from the greek word hals, meaning salt, because the halogens are only found in nature in combination with other elements typically forming a salt.

12. The Periodic Table Group 18 – Noble Gases
Named noble because they lack reactivity.

13. The Periodic Table Period
Indicated by the number to the left of the row in which the element resides
We will discuss the importance to the period # in chapter 3.

14. The Periodic Table Method 2
Main Group elements (yellow)
Transition Metal elements (orange)
Inner Transition Metal elements (blue)
Are not given group #’s.
To determine which period they are members of look at the elemental numbers (atomic #) given at the top of each box. (Expanded version on next slide)
Elements are called the Lanthanide series because they follow element #57, Lanthanum
Elements are called the Actinide series because they follow element #89, Actinium
The divisions in method 2 will be discussed at length in Chapter 3

15. The Periodic Table