1. Civil Rights Movement & Modern Era Part 1
Unit 10
Civil Rights Movement
& Modern Era
Part 1

2. I. Causes: African-American Urbanization Religious Faith
Demand for Constitutional Rights
WWII
Media Coverage

4. II. The Civil Rights Movement
Brown vs. Board of Education 1954
separate is not equal
reversed Plessy vs. Ferguson (Video)
NAACP fought for racial injustice through courtroom
Integration of Ol’ Miss

6. Lynching of Emmett Till 1955
great media product for African-American movement
African-Americans were outraged

8. Montgomery Bus Boycott (Video)
Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat
African-Americans boycott bus company (Video)
Martin Luther King Jr. - emerges as leader of the movement

10. Little Rock Arkansas
governor uses troops to prevent integration of 9 African-American students
eventually Eisenhower calls in troops to integrate schools
governor closes down schools
Supreme Court said this was unconstitutional - schools reopened

12. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
leads Civil Rights Movement
uses civil disobedience as a strategy
leads largest political rally at that time
March on Washington D.C. “I Have A Dream Speech”

14. Sit-Ins/Freedom Riders = used protests
Freedom Summer = many northern whites went to Mississippi to recruit African-American voters
some died/disappeared

17. Constitutional Rights
Part of LBJ’s Great Society
Civil Rights Act 1964 = no job discrimination
Voting Rights Act 1965 = no voting discrimination or literacy test
Civil Rights Act 1968
= no housing discrimination
= combat against poor ghetto life of African-Americans
Office of Economic Opportunity = help poor children
Medicare = health insurance for over 65
Medicaid = health care for poor

19. Malcolm X
wanted separate societies for blacks and whites
influenced by Marcus Garvey
called black separatism

21. 0 Affirmative Action
hiring preferences for African-Americans and women to make up for past discrimination
used by businesses and schools that received federal funding
white males claimed this led to reverse discrimination

23. III. Effects: Segregation was Unconstitutional
Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 1968, Voting Rights Act 1965
Affirmative Action
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. 1968

25. IV. Civil Rights Movement 1970’s:
Brown vs. Board of Ed. Continued:
school busing laws
Required schools to integrate by busing students out of segregated neighborhoods

26. Cesar Chavez
led movement to improve migrant farmers lives
creates unity with strength to bargain collectively
used strikes and boycotts to gain victories
used non-violence

28. Rachel Carson
wrote Silent Spring
public attention to harmful effects of pesticides
leads to restrictions on pesticides

30. EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
enforce laws against water/air pollution
toxic waste, pesticides, radiation

32. Ralph Nader
movement for consumer protection
wrote Unsafe at Any Speed
detailed safety hazards in automobiles (such as bumpers are no good in crash over 3 miles per hour)

34. Fair Campaign Practices Act 1976 = limit the amount of $ individuals and corporations could donate to political campaigns

35. Betty Friedan
wrote Feminine Mystique  women bored as housewives, wanted jobs and skills outside the home
became president of NOW (National Organization for Women)
NOW worked for ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) failed by 3 votes
Roe v. Wade = women’s right to abortion