1. Material Properties – Natural & Manufactured Boards
LESSON 4/5
Material Properties – Natural & Manufactured Boards
Within this lesson you will cover:
Develop an understanding of finishes that can be applied to timber to enhance their properties.
Complete a finishes worksheet throughout the lesson; creating revision notes.
Apply learnt knowledge to a series of exam style questions.

2. Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
DO NOW ACTIVITY
During todays lesson you will learn about different ways that woods can be finished to enhance their appearance or prevent decay.
On the provided post it note write a list of different products which can be applied to wood to improve its appearance.
Once answered stick your post it note on the wall for further discussion.

3. Why do woods need to be treated?
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Why do woods need to be treated?
Woods can be treated with a finish to either enhance their surface finish and appearance or to prevent decay
Studying these images what would happen if decay isn’t treated?

4. Why do woods need to be treated?
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Why do woods need to be treated?
“Unprotected wood expands because it can absorb water, especially in outdoor applications.
This causes the resins that bind the cells together to break down, rendering the material very weak. Bacteria and fungi can also attack wood.
Woods do not have the same natural protection against the environment as metals, and are prone to decay over a period of time.
Hardwoods have a greater resistance to the environment than softwoods, due to the closer structure of the grain, and will therefore last longer.
Teak contains oils that help repel rainwater and so protect the material.”

5. Why do woods need to be treated?
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Why do woods need to be treated?
During todays lesson we will be covering a variety of different wood finishes which can be applied to timbers to improve its appearance and prevent decay.
On the provided worksheet create your own notes which will be invaluable to later revision for the GCSE exam.

6. Type of products finish is used on Benefits of application
Polyurethane varnish
Acrylic varnish
Water based paints
Stains
Colour wash
Wax finishes
Danish Oil
Teak oil
Worksheet to print

7. Polyurethane varnish TIMBER FINISHES Clear varnish Solvent based
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Polyurethane varnish
Clear varnish
Solvent based
Provides increased durability
Resistant to heat and water
Gloss / satin / matt finish available
Used for interior applications

8. Acrylic varnish TIMBER FINISHES Clear varnish Water based Hardwearing
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Acrylic varnish
Clear varnish
Water based
Hardwearing
Can protect colour work
Gloss / satin / matt finish available
Used for interior applications, e.g. furniture, doors and skirting boards

9. Water based paints TIMBER FINISHES Adds colour to a product
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
Water based paints
TIMBER FINISHES
Adds colour to a product
Primer required
Water based
Limits air pollutants / fumes
Used for interior applications, e.g. furniture, doors and skirting boards

10. Stains TIMBER FINISHES Allows the natural timber grain to be visible
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Allows the natural timber grain to be visible
Enhances the natural wood grain
Can be interior or exterior wood stain
Interior allows natural timber to be ‘stained’ a different colour
Exterior provides protection from water, UV damage and resists cracking and peeling
Prevents mould growth

11. Colour wash TIMBER FINISHES
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Colour wash
Adds colour without sacrificing the natural grain
A colour wash is paint diluted with water
The higher the water quantity, the thinner the wash, and the more of the original timber colour will be visible.
Enhances the natural wood grain

12. Wax finishes TIMBER FINISHES
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Wax finishes
Protects like a varnish against knocks, scuffs and scratches, but leaves wood looking natural
Nourishes and protects wood
Traditionally used on antiques, but still used currently
Will enhance the natural timber while protecting it from dryness
Can be clear or coloured
Classic wood wax is Beeswax

13. Danish Oil TIMBER FINISHES Absorbed into wood: protecting & nourishing
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES
Danish Oil
Absorbed into wood: protecting &
nourishing
Easy to apply
Food and toy safe when dry
Attractive, natural low sheen finish
Penetrates timber, nourishing & protecting
Dirt resistant
Naturally water resistant (yet is microporous to water vapour allowing the wood to ‘breathe’)
Does not leave a surface film so does not crack or peel

14. Teak oil TIMBER FINISHES Has a slight sheen
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
Teak oil
TIMBER FINISHES
Has a slight sheen
Used to maintain outdoor furniture
Enhances grain definition: highlights the qualities of the wood
Replaces the oils lost in weathering
Nourishes and protects
Water repellent
No UV resistance: the wood greys naturally

15. Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
TIMBER FINISHES: EXAM Q
Using the knowledge you have learnt during todays lesson apply it to this exam style question.

16. QUIZ TIME PLENARY http://www.the-warren.org/quiz/finishmatching.htm
Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes.
PLENARY
QUIZ TIME