1. History of Jazz
America’s Music

2. NEW ORLEANS JAZZ MUSEUM
The New Orleans Jazz Museum's collection is the largest and most comprehensive of its kind in the world.
It consists of instruments, pictorial sheet music, photographs, records, tapes, manuscripts and other items ranging from Louis Armstrong’s first coronet to a 1917 disc of the first jazz recording ever made.  

3. NEW ORLEANS JAZZ MUSEUM
It includes the world’s largest collection of instruments owned and played by important figures in jazz- trumpets, cornets, trombones, clarinets and saxophones played by jazz greats such as Bix Beiderbecke, Edward “Kid” Ory, George Lewis, Sidney Bechet and Dizzy Gillespie.

4. NEW ORLEANS JAZZ MUSEUM NOTES
Other artifacts in the Jazz Collection include some 12,000 photographs from the early days of jazz; recordings in a wide variety of formats, including over 4, rpm records that date from 1905 to the mid-1950s.

5. The Museum has the largest collection in the world of instruments owned and played by important figures in jazz, possessing multiple examples of all the commonly used instruments: trumpet, cornet, trombone, clarinet, and saxophone. Some late 19th-century instruments date from the early days of jazz.

6. What is Jazz?
A musical conversation: partly planned and partly spontaneous
A dialogue among the musicians who perform it.

7. Elements of Jazz Improvisation (to make up) Rhythmic
Uses Call and Response
Most songs have solos

8. Where was Jazz developed?
New Orleans
Diverse population: African, French, German, Italian, Mexican, English, Native American
Known as a
melting Pot

9. Where is Jazz found? Night Clubs Concert Halls Subway Stations
Sidewalks
Radio
TV Shows
TV Commercials
Film
CDs

10. Spirituals or Work Songs 1612-Present
Work songs sung by slaves, were considered the foundation of Jazz.
These songs were called spirituals. Those spirituals were later called Gospel songs. Gospel Songs were later used a our first songs in Jazz and R & B.
Slaves would sing in the fields to make the work day go faster.
Spirituals are the first “church songs.” It is the roots of Gospel.

11. Blues Pain of lost love, injustice, or adversity
Derived from field hollers, work songs, hymns
Is the basis for R & B, Rock N’ Roll, & Country

12. Ragtime 1896-1917 Primarily uses a solo piano
Father of Ragtime is Scott Joplin

13. Dixieland
Typical instrumentation: trumpet, clarinet, banjo, trombone, piano, tuba, & drums.
Collective Improvisation; everyone plays at the same time.

14. Jazz 1920-Present Roaring 20’s
Instruments: Saxophone, clarinet, trumpet, rhythm section (piano, bass, guitar, & drums)
Use of Chord Progressions

15. Father of Jazz Played the trumpet
Louis Armstrong
Father of Jazz
Played the trumpet
Known as Satchmo when he would sing or scat (scatting is the use of words and non-sense words)

16. Bebop 1940-1955 Small Groups Designed for improvisation
Very difficult to play
Rarely written down
Named for one of the non-sense words from scatting.

17. Afro-Cuban 1950s
Unites Blues, Swing, Ragtime with various Cuban grooves.
Created by Dizzy Gillespie and Chano Pozo.

18. Cool 1949-1955 Groups range from trios to nonets.
Started to use more “classical” instruments; Oboe, French Horn, Flute
Slower pace, loud, more emotional

19. Bossa Nova 1960’s Brazilian style of music
Gained a “cult” following later on due to jazz festivals around the world.

20. Hard Bop 1952-1959 Return to fast-paced jazz.
Mainly in northern cities

21. Avant Gard/Free Jazz 1959-1970 Not based on chord progressions
Pushed limits of what they could play and audiences could stand

22. Fusion 1969-1990 Merged Rock N’ Roll Uses electric instruments
Brought back Jazz into the mainstream

23. Contemporary Jazz 1990-Today
Main reasons is selling records
Many styles of the past are still being played today.
The future of jazz is worked out right now

24. Big Band Era 1935-1945 Bands formed as hotel dance bands.
Fletcher Henderson is 1st band to gain national notoriety.
Ellington/Webb put together bands

25. Big Band Cont’d
Clubs open all over NYC (Harlem). Duke Ellington at the Cotton Club Chuck Webb at the Savoy.
Only time jazz eclipsed all other forms of music.

26. Benny Goodman Brings the “swing beat” national attention in 1935.
Played the Clarinet
Nicknamed “King of Swing”

27. Important Facts
1913 James Reese Europe records ragtime with first all black ensemble.
1917 Original Dixieland Jazz Band records first jazz record.
Miles Davis would change the face of jazz 3 different times (Cool, Hard Bop, Fusion).
1935 Microphone is invented

28. RCA Victor Talking Machine

29. Important People Kid Ory Duke Ellington Jelly Roll Morton Miles Davis
Charlie Parker
Billie Hollidae
Ella Fitzgerald
John Coltrane

30. Miles Davis
James Reese Europe
Ella Fitzgerald

31. Original Dixieland Jazz Band
John Coltrane
Jelly Roll Morton
Billie Holiday
Original Dixieland Jazz Band
Kid Ory