1. Qal Imperative, Cohortative,
& Jussive
Chapter 18

2. Imperative Cohortative Jussive Simple command or request
Limited to the 2nd person (“you”)
“Do this”

3. ljoq.Ti ljoq. ylij.q.Ti ylij.qi Wlj.q.Ti Wlj.qi hn"l.joq.Ti hn"l.joq.
Imperative
Imperfect
Imperative
ljoq.Ti
Kill!
ljoq. M
You will kill
ylij.q.Ti
Kill!
ylij.qi F
You will kill
Wlj.q.Ti
Wlj.qi
Kill! M
Ya’ll will kill
hn"l.joq.Ti
Kill!
hn"l.joq. F
Ya’ll will kill

4. The 2ms Imperative often has a ending
Root
Imperative
rm;v'
rmov.
hr'm.v'
“To watch”
“You watch!”
“You watch!”

5. Negative commands (prohibitions) use the negative particle with the Imperfect.
xc'r>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:13
Qal imperf 2ms of
xc;r'
“to kill”

6. xc'r>Ti al{ @a'n>Ti al{ @a;n"
Negative commands (prohibitions) use the negative particle with the Imperfect.
xc'r>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:13
@a'n>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:14
Qal imperf 2ms of
@a;n"
“to commit adultery”

7. xc'r>Ti al{ @a'n>Ti al{ bnOg>Ti al{ bn;G'
Negative commands (prohibitions) use the negative particle with the Imperfect.
xc'r>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:13
@a'n>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:14
bnOg>Ti al{
B Exodus 20:15
bn;G'
Qal imperf 2ms of
“to steal”

8. Negative commands (prohibitions) use the negative particle with the Imperfect.
al{
la;
Absolute and permanent prohibition
Immediate and specific prohibition

9. !xe ytiac'm' an"-~ai yn"doa]
“"My lord, if now I have found favor in your sight, please do not pass your servant by” (Genesis 18:3).
!xe ytiac'm' an"-~ai yn"doa]
I found
please if
My Lord
grace
l[;me rbo[]t; an"-la; ^yn<y[eB.
on by
go over
please
do not
in your eyes
^D<b.[;
your servant

10. rm,aYOw: hw"hy> wyl'ae ar"YEw:
And the LORD appeared to him and said, “Do not go down to Egypt…” (Genesis 26:2).
rm,aYOw: hw"hy> wyl'ae ar"YEw:
and he said
the Lord
to him
And he appeared
hm'y>r"c.mi drETe-la;
go down
Do not
(to) Egypt
Qal imperf 2ms of
dr'y"

11. Weak forms of the Imperative seen on Pages 212-215

12. Imperative Cohortative Jussive Simple command or request
Wish, desire, or request
Limited to the 2nd person (“you”)
Limited to the 1st person (“I” or “we”)
“Do this”
“Let this be done”

13. Looks like the Imperfect Distinguished by its placement in the clause
Cohortative
Looks like the Imperfect
Distinguished by its placement in the clause
When it is first in the clause, it is cohortative (as long as it is not a waw consecutive
When it appears later in the clause, it is a normal imperfect

14. ~d"a' hf,[]n: ~yhil{a/ rm,aYOw:
Cohortative
~d"a' hf,[]n: ~yhil{a/ rm,aYOw:
man
Let us make
God
And he said
WnteWmd>Ki Wnmel.c;B.
like our likeness
in our image
Genesis 1:26

15. Wrm.aYOw: wD"x.y: ~['h'-lk' Wn[]Y:w:
Cohortative
Wrm.aYOw: wD"x.y: ~['h'-lk' Wn[]Y:w:
and they said
together
the people
All
And they answered
hf,[]n: hw"hy> rB,DI-rv,a] lKo
We will do
the Lord
he said
which
All
(Imperfect, not Cohortative)
Exodus 19:8

16. The cohortative often attaches a suffix to the end of the word
“And may I keep your law” (Psalm 119:44)
^t.r"At hr"m.v.a,w>

17. Imperative Cohortative Jussive Simple command or request
Wish, desire, or request
Wish, request, or command
Limited to the 2nd person (“you”)
Limited to the 1st person (“I” or “we”)
Limited to the 3rd person (“he, she, or they”)
“Do this”
“Let this be done”

18. Jussive
Looks like the Cohortative except that it is 3rd person instead of 1st person

19. Vocabulary

20. rx;B'
Choose, test, examine

21. Understand, perceived, consider
!yBi
Understand, perceived, consider

22. Seek, inquire, investigate
vr;D'
Seek, inquire, investigate

23. gr;h'
Kill

24. #pex'
To delight in

25. bAj
Good

26. vd;q'
Be holy

27. h[;r'
To shepherd

28. la;v'
To ask

29. l[;B;
Lord, master, husband

30. jb,ve
Rod, staff, scepter

31. d[;B;
Behind, through

32. ![;y:
On account of

33. an"
Please