1. Two factor Authentication
SMS
Token
E-cert
6/5/2014

2. SMS Disadvantages Advantages
Telephone signal not available (e.g. in basement)
Need to have a mobile phone
Possible delay (in busy period or overseas connection)
Additional costs (roaming overseas)
Costs for the bank
Need to register again if users change their phone number s
Advantages
Almost everyone got a mobile phone
No need to carry other devices
Easy to use
6/5/2014

3. Token Devices Disadvantages Advantages
Need to carry additional devices
One token device for one bank only
Many tokens if user has many account in different banks
Additional cost for the bank (up to this moment in HK)
Maintenance (Battery)
Advantages
Free to customers (up to this moment in HK)
Easy to operate
6/5/2014

4. Digital Certificate Disadvantages Advantages
Additional cost for customers (e.g. $50/year in HK)
Need some computer knowledge for first time installation
Need to carry the digital certificate (and to protect it)
Advantages
Can be used for many accounts in different banks
Can be used for other applications
6/5/2014