1. Welcome to Advanced science

2. This course consists of two modules
Class time M, T, W 3:30 – 6:00
This course consists of two modules
TSC Mechanization of work
TSC Waste management
No book so far, not for first part anyways

3. Chapter 1
Motion and Forces

4. What is motion?

5. The Answer
Motion is how an object has travelled through time and space.
Motion includes:
speed or velocity
Travel time
acceleration

6. How do you know something has moved?

7. Speed Speed is a characteristic of how fast an object can move.
If you wanted to know how fast you
could run how would you measure
it?

8. Difference between speed and velocity.
Speed is independent of direction.
Example: the car was travelling 50 km/hr
Velocity is speed with direction
The car was travelling 50 km/hr North East

9. Average vs instantaneous speed
At any given time during a bike ride, the rider’s speed will change. The speed the biker is travelling at a precise moment is known as the instantaneous speed. The average speed is the speed the rider would have travelled, if he were going a constant speed for the entire trip

10. The equation
Where v = speed in m/sec d is distance travelled(in m) t is change in time(sec)

11. Distance
The amount of space between two objects, or two points. We will be using the metric system. Kilometer  Metersmm
1000
1000
x1000
x1000

12. King Henry Died Mother Didn’t Care Much

13. Time
We will be using Seconds minutes and Hours. Seconds Minutes Hours

14. Usain Bolt holds the mens world record for the 100 m race
Usain Bolt holds the mens world record for the 100 m race. His time was How fast was he running?

15. Rob had to run 20 m to catch his bus
Rob had to run 20 m to catch his bus. It took him 5 seconds, how fast was he running?

16. Enytullah has to walk to the metro station. She walks at a speed 1
Enytullah has to walk to the metro station. She walks at a speed 1.2 m/sec. The metro station is 500 m away. How long will it take her?

17. Conversions

18. It took Howard 16 minutes to walk to the store that was 750 m away
It took Howard 16 minutes to walk to the store that was 750 m away. What was his average speed in m/sec ?

19. The Daytona 500 race is a 805km race
The Daytona 500 race is a 805km race. If it takes Kurt Busch about 180 minutes to do the race, how fast was he going in m/sec?

20. Conversion
m/sec
Km/hr 
3.6 X

21. Fresta is planning on doing a 3. 6 km hike on Mt Saint Hilaire
Fresta is planning on doing a 3.6 km hike on Mt Saint Hilaire. She hikes at an average speed of 3 km/hr. 1.How long will it take her to do the hike? 2.What would her speed be in m/sec.

22. Lab time
You will pair up in groups of two to perform lab. Your task You have been hire by a manufacturing company to determine how fast the toy cars can go. Available materials Meter stick , stop watch

23. Why do things move?

24. Force
A Force is an action that can change the motion of an object or change the shape of the object, by pushing or pulling on it.

25. Contact forces
A force that requires contact (the objects have to be touching each other)

27. Forces acting on a distance
The force can be felt when the objects are far apart.
Despite not touching each other, the objects can be pulled together or apart

28. Force fields
A force that acts at a distance

29. Types of forces Gravitational Electromagnetic force
Strong nuclear force
Weak nuclear forces

30. Forces and Change in motion
A force is always exerted by one body on an another.
Forces are measured in Newtons
N = Kg x m/s2
A force can speed things up, slow things down, and change the trajectory of an object

31. Gravitational Force
The force of attraction between all objects as a result of their masses and distance between them

32. Gravitational force and mass

33. The Force of gravity on earth
Its keeps us from falling off.
Any object in freefall has an acceleration 9.8 m/s2
Mass has no effect, both objects will hit the ground at the same time

34. Rank
Name
Surface Gravity (meter pr. square second) 1
Sun
274 2
Jupiter
24.92 3
Neptune
11.15 4
Saturn
10.44 5
Earth
9.798 6
Uranus
8.87 7
Venus 8
Mars
3.71 9
Mercury
3.7 10
Moon
1.62 11
Pluto
0.58

35. The relationship between mass and Weight
Mass is a measure of the quantity of the matter in an object
Weight is a measure of the gravitational force acting on the object.
How much something weights, depends on its mass and the intensity of the gravitational field
w = Fg = mg

36. What is the weight of a 60 kg astronaut on earth?

37. What is the weight of 150 g of Water on earth?

38. A backpack weighs 8. 2 newtons and has a mass of 5 kg on the moon
A backpack weighs 8.2 newtons and has a mass of 5 kg on the moon. What is the strength of gravity on the moon?

39. A physical science textbook has a mass of 2. 2 kg a
A physical science textbook has a mass of 2.2 kg a. What is its weight on the Earth? b. What is its weight on Mars (g = 3.7 m/s2 )

40. Gravitational pull of the moon on tides

41. Force of the sun

42. Electromagnetic Force
A force of attraction or repulsion objects with an Electrical charge or Magnetic poles.
Can be found in the bonds between the atoms of a molecule

43. Electrical force in the atom
Keeps electrons ( negatively charged particles) orbiting around a positively charged center.

44. Earth’s magnetic field

45. Northern lights

46. Remember this guy
The chair exerts an electromagnetic force on the guy preventing him from falling to the ground. This is known as the Normal (N)
Is this Contact force or a force working at a distance?

47. Why is that you can walk fine on pavement but slip on ice?

48. Friction Friction is an electromagnetic force.
It is also a form of contact force.
In order to be in motion the force applied must be greater than that friction

49. Factors that effect friction
Nature of the surface (smooth or rough)
The intensity of the Pressure on the surface
Pressure is a factor of mass and surface area

50. Air resistance
Is a form of friction

51. Strong and weak nuclear forces
Occur within the nucleus of the atom
Strong nuclear forces hold the proton and neutron together.
Weak nuclear reaction is involved in radioactivity.

52. Equilibrium of two forces
All objects on earth have at least the force of gravity acting on them
If gravity is pulling us towards the center of the earth, why are we remaining in the same position?

53. The answer- Equilibrium
The force of Gravity Fg is equal to the force of the normal.
Fg = mg

54. If a man with a mass of 92 Kg is sitting on a chair, What is the force the chair is exerting on him?

55. Help, why isn’t this working?
Push harder

56. Net force or Resultant force
If we were to add up all the forces on the previous slide and replace with one equal force, this would be the Resultant Force.
When the resultant force is zero, equilibrium is achieved and the object motion remains the same.
An object speed and direction remains the same.

57. Equilibrium
15 N
15 N
Resultant force: 0 N

58. Objects at equilibrium
A still object remains still.
A moving object will continue to move at the same speed and in the same direction. the motion of the object remains constant.

59. An object in motion
15 N
5 N
Resultant force: 10 N

60. Will the object move? And in which direction?