1. In-Class Note-Taking Tips! Informal language
Don’t write every word!!!! Summarize
Make sure you include the BOLD information.
Use your best text messaging skills – abbrev. everything! Ppl, enuf, &, thot,
Notes should ALL be titled, dated and handwritten on a separate sheet of paper.
Notes are to be completed before the assigned class; they will be stamped on the due date for credit, they are posted on my website for ONE month or until the chapter test.

2. Government & the State
2 points each

3. In the beginning…… Anarchy Advantages: Disadvantages:
Anarchy = no gov.
 do what I want
 chaos, confusion, etc

4. People Fight Back!
Since many gov’s were based on Divine Right (God given power to rule), few ppl questioned their authority
Until the Enlightenment (1700s) – philosophers developed concept of limited gov – ruler is NOT all powerful

5. Landmark English Documents
Protection against absolute power of King
Rights
Trial by jury & due process of law
Protect against arbitrary taking life, liberty, property
Power of monarch is not absolute

6. Back to the Greeks & Romans
Democracy – people rule (not just one single ruler) by majority
Republic / Representative Democracy – people elect representatives to make decisions for them, what the US has

7. What is government?
A. Government- the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.
B. Public Policies- laws, measures, actions, & funding
C. Three (3) Basic Powers
1. legislative-
2. executive-
3. judicial-
D. Constitution-

8. Some types of Government
Totalitarian/ Dictatorship- single person
Democracy- power rest with people
Oligarchy- few people in control
Theocracy –Power based on religion
Ex: Vatican City
Kim Jong-un

9. Coercion
Governments have the power to coerce or to make you do something
The State has a monopoly on the legitimate use of violence- Max Weber
Who is legally allowed to kill?

10. II. The State A. The State: dominate political unit in the world
1. Population
2. Territory
3. Sovereignty
4. Government

11. Origins of a State
Force Theory- person or group claimed control by force
Divine Right Theory- God giving rulers “divine right” to rule
Evolutionary Theory- naturally out of the early family
Social Contract theory- give up power to state to keep safe, gov protect, bad gov ppl overthrow

12. Social Contract
Jean Jacques Rousseau- Enlightenment French philosopher
Which do you prefer absolute freedom or being the most secure you can be?

13. A delicate balance Security = sacrifice of freedom
Enter “social contract” when live in society
Other Options
suppose didn’t want to live society
live somewhere else
not easy to do
break societies rules
there are consequences to this choice

14. Social Contract 1600s challenge divine right theory
English philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke-“state of nature” when there was no gov. (Social Contract b/t ruled & ruler)
Concepts
Individual rights, limited gov., popular sovereignty
Declaration of Independence

15. Hobbes and Locke
Hobbes- “w/out order and protection no decent life of an kind would be possible”
social contract- people surrendered freedom to state, return received order, security, protection
John Locke
“state of nature”- natural rights- life, liberty, property
social contract- people willing to support government as long as protects natural rights; if didn’t do people rebel

16. Declaration of Independence
“all men are created equal”
“consent of the governed”
“right of the people to alter or abolish it”

17. III. The Purpose of Government
A. Form a More Perfect Union-Constitution B. Establish Justice- Laws C. Insure Domestic Tranquility- Peace D. Provide for the common Defense- National and Economic Security E. Promote the General Welfare- Public services F. Secure Blessings of Liberty- Freedom