1. Note
Final Exam-please check final schedule
Essays due-lateness unacceptable

2. Note
Nutrition 265-Fall Principles of Nutrition in Human Metabolism
Nutrition 205-Nutritional Assessment-Theory-Fall 2011
Nutrition 207- Nutritional Assessment-Application- Winter 2012 or Nutrition 201-Sports Nutrition-Winter 2012-pending -pending approval of 201

3. Lecture March 2011
Nutrition and Disease

4. Introduction
Nutrition can completely prevent or completely cure, partially prevent or partially cure disease

5. Completely prevent
Example-Diseases arising from nutritional deficiency eg blindness and vitamin A
Same could be said for toxicity- never take toxic amounts of a nutrient
eg calories from any source re: obesity

6. Completely cure
Example-Diseases arising from nutritional deficiency eg blindness and vitamin A deficiency
Same could be said for for toxicity- eliminate consumption of toxic amounts of a nutrient- eg iron

7. Partially prevent
Example-atherosclerosis, type II diabetes, cancer
-partially because of genetic factors

8. Partially cure
Example-atherosclerosis, type II diabetes
-partially because of genetic factors

9. Atherosclerosis
Pathology
Plugging of arterial wall with cholesterol and platelets

10. Atherosclerosis
Pathology
Lipoproteins
High density lipoprotein (HDL)
-pulls cholesterol out of arterial wall
Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
-pumps cholesterol into arterial wall
most of cholesterol in the blood is on LDL
this is why increased levels of cholesterol in the blood are a concern- ie as blood cholesterol goes up so does LDLc

11. Atherosclerosis
Pathology
triglycerides are also a concern
as blood triglyceride increases, HDLc goes down and LDL becomes more aggressive in putting cholesterol into the arterial wall
so there is a constant competition between HDL and LDL to control levels of cholesterol in the arterial wall

12. Atherosclerosis
Pathology
Platelets
Cells in blood that are part of the clotting process
As blood cholesterol goes up platelets become more active ie stick together more easily
This platelet stickiness causes plugged arteries

13. Can slow or partially reverse atherosclerotic process
Atherosclerosis
Nutritionally
Can slow or partially reverse atherosclerotic process
Diet
-eating in accordance with Canada’s Food Guide
-keep fat calories percentage of total calories to less than 30 % and saturated fats calories to less than 7 % of total calories
These dietary measures keeps a good ratio between HDL and LDL and cholesterol and keeps triglycerides and platelet function at normal levels

14. Atherosclerosis
Nutritionally
Functional foods – eg fish and flax these keep a good ratio between HDL and LDL and keeps cholesterol and triglycerides and platelet function at normal levels
Nutraceuticals- eg flax oil and fish oil- these keeps a good ratio between HDL and LDL and keeps cholesterol and triglycerides and platelet function at normal levels

15. Type II diabetes
 Pathology
Metabolic syndrome
Obesity- body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) greater than 30
Increased blood pressure (>140/90)
Dyslipidemia- low HDLc, increased triglycerides, aggressive LDL
Increasing platelet clumping

16. Type II diabetes
 Pathology
Metabolic syndrome continued
Decreased insulin sensitivity-this means that there is trouble with the interaction between the insulin and its receptors on the cells that are having glucose pumped into those cells

17. Type II diabetes
Nutritionally
Diet-Follow that stated above in terms of diet for atherosclerosis
Additionally this controls weight, blood pressure, plasma lipid levels, platelet aggregation levels and increases insulin sensitivity

18. Type II diabetes
Functional foods
Canola and fish
Can partially alleviate metabolic syndrome
Leading edge research- flax seed

19. Type II diabetes
Nutraceuticals
Canola oil, fish oil
Leading edge research- flax oil and fungal oil