1. Classification
Chapter 18-1

2. Taxonomy
A method of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name

3. 6001 E. Wallisville Rd. Baytown, Texas 77521
Can someone from another country get to this address if they wanted to?
Yes, because an address is a universal language just like taxonomy is a scientists’ universal language

4. Scientists classify organisms by putting them into groups
We also use classification systems
EX: Teacher → Science Teacher → Biology Teacher → Ms. Bogar (more specific)

5. Linnaeus’s System of Classification
Includes 7 levels
From largest to smallest they are:
Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species (more inclusive to less inclusive)
*HINT: more inclusive = less specific less inclusive = more specific
King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup
Each level is called a taxon
This is how we classify every living organism

6. Binomial Nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus developed a two-word scientific naming system called binomial nomenclature that we use today to name organisms
Always in Latin
Always italicized or underlined
The first word is always capitalized
The second word is always lowercased

7. What is the scientific name for humans?
Homo sapiens
The first part of the name is the genus – a group of closely related species
The second part of the name is the species – specific characteristics unique to the organism
When genus is the same, organisms are closely related

8. Examples Ursus arctos Ursus maritimum Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Do A and B belong to the same genus or species?
Genus
2. Which ones are most closely related?
A and B
3. Which one is more inclusive genus or species?
Which one is more specific genus or species?
Species

9. Examples
5. What do you think Felis catus is? Cat 6. What do you think Canis familiaris is? Dog 7. What does the first name refer to? Genus 8. Are cats and dogs closely related? Why? No, because they do not have the same genus

10. Examples Which classification level is more inclusive? Order
Order (Carnivora)
Dog
Wolf
Fox
Mountain Lion
Family (Canidae)
Genus (Canis)
Which classification level is more inclusive?
Order
What is the genus name for Dog and Wolf?
Canis
Which two organisms are the most closely
related? Why?
Dog and Wolf, because they have the same genus

11. Examples Which two types of bears are closely related?
Domain
Eukaraya
Kingdom
Anamailia (all animals)
Phylum
Chordata (birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish)
Class
Mamalia (warm blooded, body hair, produce milk for young)
Order
Carnivora (cats, dogs, fox, bears)
Grizzly Bear
Polar Bear
Panda Bear
Family
Ursidae
Genus
Ursus
Ailuropoda
Species
arctos
maritimus
melanoleuca
Which two types of bears are closely related?
Grizzly Bear and Polar Bear
2. What phylum do humans belong too?
Chordata

12. Class Example Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Children
Students
GCM students
Biology students
Over 5 feet tall
Brown eyes
Female
Left-handed