1. The Early Republic Period
I. The Washington Administration, ( )
Alexander Hamilton’s Economic Plan:
1. Assume & repay all debts, foreign & state.
2. Tax distilled liquor & a tariff to gain revenue.
3. Create a National Bank.
4. Whiskey Rebellion (1792). The federal reprisal.

2. I. The Washington Administration, (1789-1796)
Foreign Crisis…The French Revolution! (1789).
1. European Powers try to crush it. A general continental war erupts.
2. Our 1778 alliance w/ France. Should we honor it? Jefferson said yes, Hamilton no.
3.Washington decided on neutrality (1793).
Washington’s Farewell Address (1796) outlined Federalist platform and U.S. foreign policy.

3. Interpretations of the Constitution & Formation of Political Parties
Alexander Hamilton
(Federalism)
Thomas Jefferson
(Democrat-Republican)
(Urban lawyer, financier/trade)
(Southern Planter, philosopher)
Believed in a strong, central government
Believed that power should be local
Constitution had certain “implied powers,” needs “loose interpretation.”
Constitution’s powers were “as is,” needs “strict interpretation.”
Build nation on “yeoman farmers”
Build nation based on urban manufacturing & trade
Economy & infrastructure should come from free enterprise or local governments
Use government to build economy & infrastructure
Leadership/decisions should be left to aristocracy
Held faith in “common man”
Pro-French
Pro-British

4. The Early Republic Period
II. John Adams ( )
John Adams assumed European crisis.
The “XYZ Affair” created anti-French sentiment. U.S. Navy created.
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
Alien Enemies Act-Citizens of a hostile country could be jailed or deported.
2. Alien Friends Act-Empowered the president to expel foreigners whose activities he deemed dangerous.
3. Naturalization Act-Raised time needed for citizenship from 5 to 14 years.
4. Sedition Act-illegal for any person to publicly oppose the president. To expire in March 1801.
Virginia and Kentucky Resolves (1798) voiced opinion that the Federalists went too far.

5. III. Era of Transition (1800-1802) The Louisiana Purchase (1802).
John Marshall appointed to Supreme Court. The Federalists leave their mark.
Marbury v. Madison (1802)-Supreme Court’s “emphatic role is to interpret what the law says.”
(Judicial Review)-Checks & Balances.
The Jefferson Presidency,
Land Acts (1801 & 1804) promoted easier settlements for small farmer.
The Louisiana Purchase (1802).

7. Route of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, 1803-1806.

8. The Early Republic Period IV. James Madison’s Rough Start
( )
Relations with Britain continued to sour over impressment and British activity in Great Lakes.
War declared on Britain, June 1812.
N.E. states/Federalists met for the Hartford Convention.
Treaty of Ghent (1814) ended embarrassment.
Battle of New Orleans (1815). U.S. “a winner.” “Federalists killed.”

9. Washington D.C. Burns in 1814.

10. The Early Republic Period V. The “Era of Good Feelings”
into the Monroe Years
Economic boom created by embargoes & wartime demand.
1818 U.S.-British Treaty-settled northern border. Oregon Country to be joint occupation.
1819 Adams-Onis Treaty-U.S. acquired Florida from Spain. Southeast border secured.
The Monroe Doctrine (1823).

11. After Treaty of 1818 and Adams-Onis (1820).

12. The Monroe Doctrine (1823)
The U.S. would abstain from European affairs.
(Neutrality).
2. The Western Hemisphere & U.S. are “unique,” separate from Europe.
3. Therefore, Western Hemisphere is “off limits” to further or renewed European colonization.
4. Any attempt to re-establish new colonies in the Western Hemisphere will be considered a threat to U.S. interests.
Question: In 1823, did the U.S. have the navy to stop a serious attempt at renewed colonization?