1. Bell Ringer
Why under the Tang and Song dynasty did old aristocratic families fade and much larger upper class emerge?
The Tang restored the civil service exam making talent and education more important than noble birth in winning power.
Turn in focus questions and begin to study…

2. Agenda/Objectives Do Now Rise of the Mongols - Genghis Khan
- Mongol Success

3. Who were the Mongols Nomads
Lived in moveable tents on steppes= wide grassy plains
Excellent horseback riders= trade opportunity!
Clan leader- Temujin unifies the clans and conquers his rivals with no mercy.
1206 accepted the title as Genghis Khan.

4. Rise of the Mongols
Next 21 years Genghis conquered much of Asia and organized laws.
Goal = China
Invaded N. China successfully
Quickly attention shifted to Islamic region of West Mongolia.

6. Why was Genghis successful?
Brilliant organizer: assembled Mongol warriors into a powerful fighting force.
Grouped into warriors of 10,000.
- 1,000 man brigades
- 100 man companies
- 10 man platoons
Battle-proven and loyal men in command of these units.

7. Genghis success cont. Trickery:
- Small Mongol cavalry would attack and flee, enemy would give chase and the rest of the Mongol army would appear and slaughter.
- Use of life like dummies and prisoners dressed up as soldiers to make army look larger.
Spy network

8. Genghis success cont. New weapons:
- Captured Chinese engineers built catapults
- Gunpowder

9. Genghis success cont. Terror: Terrifying enemy into surrender.
If towns refused when captured everyone was killed.
Many towns heard about the cruelty of the Mongols and surrendered without a fight.

11. Empire of the Great Khan
Kublai Khan – Grandson of Genghis assumed the title of Great Khan in 1260.
1279: Conquers China.
- Yuan Dynasty lasted until 1368.
China reunited after 300 years.
Mongol control opened China to trade.
Kublai and successors tolerated Chinese culture.

13. How they ruled
Did not use civil exams, but kept scholar-officials (most struggles came from this)
Allowed any religion to be practiced.
Opened trade with Europe (Marco Polo)!

14. The Ming dynasty Took control of empire after weak leadership
Reunited China under strict rules and civil exams.
Took taxes through a census=a record of the population of China.
Arrival of Europeans changed them and eventually they were weakened .

15. Achievements 1. Travel/exploration (Zheng Hu) 2. the Forbidden City
3. Reconstruction of the Great Wall
4. Isolationism
Then it all changed!

16. Four corners!
A B
Which do you think greatly helped reunify China under the Ming?
A. reconstruction of the wall B. The forbidden city
C. the creation of the census D. exploration
C D

17. Exit Ticket Answer these questions:
What struggles did the Mongols have ruling over the Chinese and why?
What did they do to improve their rule in China?