1. Radical\
Reconstruction

2. Is Slavery Dead?

3. Black Codes
Laws passed by Southern States to take away the rights of African Americans
Work contracts- jailed if not employed
Could not rent or own property

4. Radical Republicans
Republicans in Congress who wanted the federal government to force the South to change
Thaddeus Stevens
Charles Sumner

5. Rights for African Americans
Freedmen’s Bureau Bill
Would give the bureau more power and allow them to punish violators of African Americans’ rights.
Civil Rights Acts of 1866
Would grant African Americans citizenship and the same legal rights as whites

6. Rights for African Americans
Johnson vetoed both but Congress overrode vetoes
Federal Government was exceeding its authority
Unconstitutional because not passed by representatives from all states

7. PRESIDENTIAL 1 1
CONGRESSIONAL 1
The Score in 1866

8. Citizenship for African Americans
14th Amendment
Passed June 1866, ratified 1868
“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall… deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”
Citizenship for African Americans

9. Radical Reconstruction Begins
Presidential
Radical Reconstruction Begins
1866 elections in Congress: Radicals won majority in both houses of Congress

10. Radical Republican's Plan
Congressional
To join the Union:
New constitution giving African American males suffrage
Ratify 14th Amendment
Only Tennessee back in by 1866

11. Radical Republican's Plan
Ratification
of the Fourteenth Amendment
Military Occupation of the South
Suffrage
for African Americans
March Congress passed the Reconstruction Acts.
Divided the 10 non-Union states into 5 military districts that were controlled by military commanders.
Authorized the military to register eligible black voters and begin the process of making their constitutions.

12. Radical Republican's Plan
Reconstruction Acts/Military Reconstruction
Divided the 10 non-Union states into 5 military districts
Military would register black voters
1867

13. Republicans took control of state governments.
By 1868, AL, AK, FL, GA, LA, NC, & SC had rejoined the Union.
By 1870, MS, VA, & TX had finally rejoined the Union.

14. X X Johnson on Trial Tenure of Office Act
Law said President could not fire anyone without the Senate’s okay
if the position originally required Senate approval.

15. Johnson on Trial February 1868- Johnson fired Sec. of War Stanton
Edwin Stanton
February Johnson fired Sec. of War Stanton
House of Reps voted to impeach (bring charges against) him
Senate held trial- if 2/3 voted guilty he would be removed from office.

16. Johnson on Trial NOT GUILTY!! NOT REMOVED FROM OFFICE!! 11 week trial
Johnson acquitted 35 to 19 (one short of required 2/3s vote).
NOT GUILTY!!
NOT REMOVED FROM OFFICE!!

17. Victory for Grant New President Election of 1868
Congress had admitted 7 southern states back into the Union prior to the election, so the African American vote helped to secure a Victory for Grant.

18. A Tale of One Reconstruction!!
New President
Radicals + =
A Tale of One Reconstruction!!

19. African American men can vote!!
15th Amendment
Passed in ratified in 1870
“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”
African American men can vote!!