1. Building Blocks of Matter
Atoms, Elements, & Compounds
Building Blocks of Matter

2. Levels of Organization

3. ATOMS

4. ATOMS
MOLECULE

5. ATOMS
MOLECULE
CELLS

6. ATOMS
MOLECULE
CELLS
TISSUE

7. ATOMS
MOLECULE
CELLS
TISSUE
ORGAN

8. ATOMS
MOLECULE
CELLS
TISSUE
ORGAN
ORGAN SYSTEM

9. ATOMS
MOLECULE
CELLS
TISSUE
ORGAN
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANISM

10. Atoms are….
The smallest particle of matter that keeps the same properties
Ex: Does spaghetti keep its same properties if you break it down into its parts?

11. Atoms cont.
No!
Same thing with atoms, this is as small and simple as you can get and still have the same substance.
Let’s make this a little more clear….

12. So what happens when you break apart an atom?
Then you get 3 things that act nothing like the original substance:
1) Protons- + charge
Located in the nucleus
2) Neutrons- 0 charge
3) Electrons- -- charge
Located outside nucleus

13. Finding Atoms Each type of atom has different properties and names
So where do we go to find all this different information?!?

14. The Periodic Table Lists all types of atoms for you in one place 
And you were worried it would be hard!
It tells you all the info you need to know
Atomic #= # of protons
Atomic mass= # protons + # neutrons
There will always be the same # of protons & electrons so the atom stays neutral
Balanced charges

16. Bonding There are 3 types of bonds that stick atoms together:
Ionic- atoms transfer electrons (Ex: Salt NaCl)
Covalent- atoms share electrons (Ex: Oxygen O2)
Sharing is Caring (C for covalent)
Hydrogen- slight attraction between hydrogen of one compound and negative atom in another (Ex: between 2 water molecules)

17. So why do I care?
Because when you put atoms together by bonding them, you come up with different substances
You can make either:
Elements= composed entirely of ONE type of atom
On the periodic table OR
Compounds= composed of TWO or MORE types of atoms
Combinations of things on the periodic table

18. Now for some practice!
Listen to your teacher for examples and follow along on your handout
Pay attention! 

19. Water It’s super important to life on Earth! You are 70% water
It is “neutral”, or has a pH of 7
Water molecules are made of 2 Hydrogen atoms for every 1 Oxygen atom

20. Bonding of water
Water is Polar, that means it has a negative and positive end
Look back at your drawing and tell me- which molecule has a positive charge?

21. Bonding of water
Water is Polar, that means it has a negative and positive end
Look back at your drawing and tell me- which molecule has a positive charge?
That’s right, Hydrogen.
So what is the charge on oxygen?

22. Bonding of water
Water is Polar, that means it has a negative and positive end
Look back at your drawing and tell me- which molecule has a positive charge?
That’s right, Hydrogen.
So what is the charge on oxygen?
Yup, it’s negative.
Great!

23. Bonding of water cont.
We have fancy words for how water attaches to itself and other things
Cohesion= when water molecules stick to other water molecules
For example, when water forms drops
It looks like this:

24. Bonding of water cont. This is another example Of cohesion 
Adhesion= when water sticks to other things
Ex: the meniscus in a graduated cylinder is caused when water sticks to the sides

25. Solutions
When you mix anything with water, we say it has been put “into solution”
Depending on the polarity of the substances, some substances will mix with water while others won’t

26. Solutions cont.
Hydrophilic= substances that will mix with water. These are always polar substances.
For example, sugar is hydrophilic since it will dissolve in water
Hydrophobic= substances that won’t mix with water. These are always nonpolar substances.
For example, oil is hydrophobic since it won’t mix with water