1. Innovations in Serum and Urine Markers in Prostate Cancer
M.P.M.Q. van Gils, U.H. Stenman, J.A. Schalken, F.H. Schröder, T.M. Luider, H. Lilja, A. Bjartell, F.C. Hamdy, K.S.I. Pettersson, R. Bischoff, H. Takalo, O. Nilsson, P.F.A. Mulders, C.H. Bangma 
European Urology 
Volume 48, Issue 6, Pages (December 2005)
DOI: /j.eururo
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Serum and urine prostate cancer markers have certain advantages over tissue prostate cancer markers. Serum and urine can easily be obtained. In contrast, prostate tissue sampling requires an invasive procedure (transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy) and sampling error is an important problem.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
A schematic overview of the P-Mark project design. The numbers refer to the different participants as follows: Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; University of Turku, Turku, Finland; University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Innotrac Diagnostics Oy, Turku, Finland; CanAg Diagnostics AB, Göteborg, Sweden.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Protein and/or peptide profiles from serum and urine samples will be generated using innovative mass spectrometry tools. A detailed description of these techniques is provided in the text.
European Urology  , DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions