1. Bunyaviridae

2. The Bunyaviridae and Arenaviridae
share several similarities.
Both are zoonoses;
most of the Bunyaviridae are arboviruses, but the Arenaviridae are not.
Many of the viruses from these families cause encephalitis or hemorrhagic disease.

3. Bunyaviridae A supergroup of at least 200 enveloped, segmented,
negative-strand
RNA

4. Bunyaviridae
4 genera
Bunyavirus
Phlebovirus
Nairovirus
Hantavirus

5. Bunyaviridae
Most of the Bunyaviridae are arboviruses (arthropod-borne) that are spread by mosquitoes, ticks, or flies and are endemic to the environment of the vector.
The hantaviruses are the exception; they are carried by rodents.

6. Bunyaviridae/some unique features..
Virus can infect humans and arthropods
Virus in arthropod can be transmitted to its eggs

7. Bunyaviridae/Epidemiology
Transmission
Via arthropods through break in skin
At risk:
People in habitat of arthropod vector
California encephalitis group: campers, forest rangers, woodsmen
Season
More common in summer
Modes of control
Elimination of vector or vector’s habitat
Avoidence of vector’s habitat

8. Bunyaviridae/Clinical syndromes
Non-specific febrile flu-like illness
Encephalitis
Hemorrhagic fever
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

9. Bunyaviridae/Laboratory diagnosis
Ab (IgM, or 4x IgG) or Ag by ELISA
RT-PCR
No specific therapy

10. Nairovirus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Hemorrhagic fever
Insect vector:special tick(Hyalomma)
Vertebrate host:Hares, cattle, goats, seabirds

11. Arenaviruses The arenaviruses include:
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) and hemorrhagic fever viruses, such as the Lassa, Junin, and Machupo viruses.
These viruses cause persistent infections in specific rodents and can be transmitted to humans as zoonoses.

12. Arenaviruses
Most arenaviruses, except for the virus that causes LCM, are found in the tropics of Africa and South America.
These rodent-borne infections can be prevented by limiting contact with the vector.