1. JoAnn Harris-Bowlsbey, Ed.D.
7th Edition
Take Hold of Your Future
Session 2:
Career Planning in the 21st Century
JoAnn Harris-Bowlsbey, Ed.D.

2. Objectives At the end of this session, students will be able to:
Describe how the meaning of work has changed over time.
Describe the changes in the nature of work in the Information Age and the likely impact of these changes on career choices.
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3. Possible Meanings of Work
Provide income to purchase basic needs.
Provide income to do more pleasurable activities in other life roles.
Make a contribution to society.
Implement a self-concept (self-actualization).
Meet interesting people.
Structure time.
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4. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow, Abraham H., Frager, Robert D. (Ed.), Fadiman, James (Ed.). Motivation and Personality, 3rd edition, copyright ®1997. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
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5. Maslow’s Hierarchy Meanings of Work Related to Maslow’s Hierarchy
Agricultural & Manufacturing Ages – for most, work met physiological needs.
Information Age – for many, work can meet needs of:
Belonging.
Gaining self-esteem.
Achieving self-actualization.
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6. Changes in the Nature of Work
Definition of job.
Need for fewer workers.
Outsourcing and “just-in-time” workforce.
Computerization of work tasks.
Location of workforce.
Constant emergence of new occupations.
Need for transferable skills.
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7. Changes in the Nature of Work (Cont’d)
Demise of social contract.
Rapid development of new technologies.
Structure of organizations.
Diversity of workforce.
Globalization.
Need for continuing education.
Size and number of corporations.
Product customization.
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8. Impact of Changes Complexity of initial career choice.
Increased number of career changes in a lifetime.
Greater need for personal responsibility.
Changed relationship between employer and employee.
Increased impact on family life.
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9. Rewards and Consequences
Possible rewards:
Fulfillment in work.
Capability to make transitions easily.
Shorter work week due to productivity.
High income.
Possible consequences:
Lack of job satisfaction.
Unemployment.
Lack of use of four-year college education.
Poor income.
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10. Requirements for Successful Planning
Strong academic preparation.
Transferable work skills.
Career management and transition skills.
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