1. Extractive Industries and Water Governance in the Nile Basin, now and in 2030: Lessons from Upstream around Lake Victoria in Tanzania  
Donald Kasongi,

2. Outline
Background
Political Economy Analysis of Water Governance in Extractive Investments
Spotting the emerging issues in policies and practices
Are there promising practices?
Recent lessons from the field
Challenges in improving water governance in extractive destinations
Conclusions
Recommendations and the way forward
1/2/2019
Donald Kasongi

3. Background
Extractive resources have demonstrated the potential to bring significant wealth to states, even though translating this into sustainable development cannot be guaranteed.
The extractive sector is invariably linked to most of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Since the 1990s, North Western Tanzania has become a magnet for mining investments
There is abundant evidence that aquatic and riparian ecosystems are subject to a number of threats. Increasingly, there is growing understanding of the environmental and health impacts of wastewater constituents and toxic contents found in effluents from extractive operations
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Donald Kasongi

4. Political Economy Analysis of Water Governance in Extractive Investments
Political Economy Analysis is about understanding how change is embedded within and shaped by political and economic relations that interact and are particular to each context. These political economy dynamics determine the distribution of power and resources within any given society and must be taken into account when attempting to achieve change(Denny and Domingo,2017 )
1/2/2019
Donald Kasongi

5. Spotting the emerging issues in policies and practices
There is growing evidence that pollution and degradation of water sources are widespread and likely to deepen the vulnerability of local
The only corporate-community interface is through the voluntary Corporate Social Responsibility
Lack of clarity and transparency on local content and Corporate Social Responsibility systems renders communities to view extractive corporate as self-regulating
Lack of information on environmental compliance in the field leads to the common belief that regulatory systems are hugely opaque for communities and local authorities.
Exclusion of local authorities and communities in environmental monitoring during extractive operations
 Environmental and Social Impact Assessments in custody of national authorities not popularized in the local context
Failures of engagement at local level raise anxiety in communities with ultimate feeling of government capture
Competence of local authorities in regulation questioned while central government not taking steps to address the gaps
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Donald Kasongi

6. Are there promising practices?
Extractive sector corporate sector engagement through consultations with local community and institution on water governance is fundamental
Due diligence processes are meaningful when they are inclusive of local stakeholders to address credibility deficit
Establishment of “shared value “ initiatives in which the government, corporate sector
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Donald Kasongi

7. Recent lessons from the field
Recognizing the value of multi-stakeholder collaboration from the beginning of operations. Articulating collaboration should not be viewed as difficult, impractical, time-consuming, and conflicting with corporate reputational objectives
Making it simple for communities and local government authorities to understand the models and metrics guiding environmental compliance and accountability.
In order to optimize expectations in the local context, investments in removing barriers for communication should be built into local consultations and social engagement functions
Much as extractive companies are aligning with upper national government levels, the approaches should be replicated at local level to avoid the feeling of fragmented governance
Civil Society Organization and aid agencies should deploy their experiences facilitate the practical intersection between their missions and corporate interests through partnerships to improve local societal outcomes on water governance
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Donald Kasongi

8. Challenges in improving water governance in extractive destinations
Policy confusion on the multi-level responsibilities and accountability for ecological monitoring
Sector blindness limiting the visibility of water catchment management
The experience on trans- boundary water governance models at basin level not rippling
Heavy governmentalization of trans-boundary initiatives
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Donald Kasongi

9. Conclusions
It is time to take stock of the regulatory mechanisms towards allowing more proactive inclusion of local level institutions and communities in ecological monitoring.
Whereas the regulatory role of government is critical in environmental compliance, civil society through Nile Basin Discourse is challenged to reposition in promoting local accountability on balancing economic and social benefits of extractive industries
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Donald Kasongi

10. Where do we go from here ?
Rediscovering the role of local government authorities and their communities in water resources management
Exploring and promoting incentive mechanisms for community inclusion in ecological monitoring
Resolving the policy confusion on the multi-level responsibilities and accountability for local water governance
Attention to Environmental flows and Payment for Environmental Services through mainstreaming strategies
Tracking corporate sector compliance on sustainable natural resources management through participatory methods and sensitivity to local context
Strengthening the synergetic collaboration of institutional actors in the basin including exploring ways to work with -non traditional partners
1/2/2019
Donald Kasongi