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TURN In Syllabus and safety Contract Turn in HW!
The Scientific Method TURN In Syllabus and safety Contract Turn in HW!
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Warm-up for 8/17/18 With your table partner, come up with one LAB SAFETY Rule. Get Ready to SHARE OUT!!!
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The Scientific Method Using the physical, observable world to explain the physical components of nature Biology is done in one of two ways: Discovery Science: describing nature Observations of facts Measurements of phenomena (observable fact) Hypothesis-Based Science: explaining nature Comparative questions Hypotheses Experiments
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Types of Biology Write an example of discovery science.
Write an example of hypothesis-based science.
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Hypothesis-Based Method
Observe Question Hypothesize Test/Experiment Conclusion
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Additional Resources Scientific Method Video
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1) Observation Begin by observing a problem in nature
A problem can be anything you don’t know how to explain Observations can be of everyday life, nature, space, etc. The physical world/universe
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2) Question The question/problem must be: Correct Example:
Specific Comparative Testable Correct Example: Will water leak out of a bottle with a hole in the side when compared to a bottle with no hole? Incorrect Example: Is the Mona Lisa more beautiful than The Blue Boy?
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Write a Comparative Question
We will be testing how quickly antacids dissolve in different water samples. Write a comparative question for the above experiment that you can test.
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3) Hypotheses A list of all possible outcomes in an experiment
One of these outcomes includes your own prediction of what will happen. Example: Antacids will dissolve more quickly in gasoline than oil. Antacids will dissolve more quickly in oil than gasoline. Antacids will dissolve at the same speed in both gasoline and oil.
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Hypotheses Practice Write all the hypotheses for your antacid experiment Identify which hypothesis is your prediction
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4) Test/Experiment Must address your question Must be repeatable
2 groups (one for each part of your comparison): Independent variable – the 1 difference between the 2 groups The scientist intentionally adds or removes something from one group; this is recorded as data Dependent variable – changes that occur during the experiment As a result of the independent variable This is recorded as data Controlled Experiment – everything else in the experiment must remain the same between both groups
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Tests What is the independent variable in your antacid experiment?
What is the dependent variable you expect to record in your antacid experiment?
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Experimental Error The study of life can be difficult, mistakes will happen: Avoidable error An error that can be controlled for in future experiments Unavoidable error An error that cannot be corrected for
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There are many sources of error (next to each type put whether they are avoidable or unavoidable)
Not following instructions = _______ Disease = _______ Measuring mistakes = _______ unpredictable animal behavior = _______ Death = _______ human error = _______
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5) Conclusion An analysis of the data collected during the experiment
Explanation of what happened Explain the results and compare them to your hypotheses Build on ideas that succeed; reject ideas that fail Scientists will often publish their success to share with the world, and to make sure they get credit for their discovery A theory is a strong scientific statement supported by hundreds of experiments
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Mythbusters Did they do the science the correct way?
Identify: Observation, question, hypotheses, experiment, independent variable, dependent variable, & conclusions What could they have done better?
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