1. RG/BDF-Lite ( RG/BDFS + Goal&Behaviour Ontology )
SmartResource Project: Deliverable 2.1
RG/BDF:
Resource Goal/Behaviour Description Framework
RG/BDF-Lite ( RG/BDFS + Goal&Behaviour Ontology )
“Expert”
Resource Agent
“Device”
Resource Agent
Resource Agent
“Service”
University of Jyväskylä
Industrial Ontologies Group

2. Project Team: Industrial Ontologies Group
University of Jyväskylä
Kharkov National University of Radioelectronics
Researchers
Vagan Terziyan (leader)
Oleksiy Khriyenko
Olena Kaykova
Sergiy Nikitin
Contact Person:
Timo Tiihonen s:
phone:
Timo Tiihonen
Andriy Zharko
Anton Naumenko
Yaroslav Tsaruk
URL:

3. Introduction to RG/BDFS

4. Smart Resource 2005 Scenario (3 scenes)
“Knowledge Transfer from Expert to Service”
Agent plays roles:
Scene 1: “diagnostic expert”;
Scene 2: “no play”;
Scene 3: “no play”
“Expert”
Labelled data
Agent plays roles:
Scene 1: “no play”;
Scene 2: “student”;
Scene 3: “diagnostic expert”
Watching and querying diagnostic data
Querying diagnostic results
“Device”
Labelled data
Labelled data
“Service”
Labelled data
History data
Querying data for learning
Learning sample and Querying diagnostic results
Agent plays roles:
Scene 1: “patient”;
Scene 2: “teacher”;
Scene 3: “patient”
Diagnostic model

5. BDI (Beliefs-Desires-Intensions): Underlying Model for RGBDF
Context
RSCDF
Communication
Beliefs
Observation
Profiles
Desires
Intensions
Actions
Roles
Goals
Behavior
Execution
RGBDF
RSCDF
RSCDF
RSCDF
Jonker C., Terziyan V., Treur J., Temporal and Spatial Analysis to Personalize an Agent’s Dynamic Belief, Desire and Intention Profiles, In: M. Klush et al. (eds.), Cooperative Information Agents VII: Proceedings of the 7-th International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents (CIA-2003), Helsinki, Finland, August 27-29, 2003, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, V. 2782, Springer-Verlag, pp

6. Roles Statement BDI Architecture
sufficient
Beliefs
Profiles
necessary
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
Beliefs
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Agent
Profiles
rgbdfs:hasRole

7. Goals Statement BDI Architecture
sufficient
Beliefs
Desires
necessary
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
Beliefs
Profiles
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Agent
Desires
rgbdfs:hasGoals

8. Behavior Statement BDI Architecture
sufficient
Beliefs
Intensions
necessary
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
Beliefs
Desires
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Agent
Intensions
rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

9. Execution Statement BDI Architecture
sufficient
Beliefs
Actions
necessary
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
Beliefs
Intentions
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Agent
Actions
rgbdfs:Execute

10. RG/BDFS Goal Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement is a class of the “goal” instances. This class is similar to rscdfs:SR_Statement and is a subclass of it. Triple <SSS-PPP-OOO> describes some fact-statement which is not true in the current resource state, but resource is aimed to make it true (an Agent intends to achieve this goal). Each goal is dynamic and can be aimed by resource in a certain context.
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
SSS
OOO
PPP

11. RG/BDFS Goal Statement Example
Mirja has flowers
Mirja has birthday
Mirja likes flowers
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Mirja
flowers
has

12. RG/BDFS has_goals Statement
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:falseInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rgbdfs:hasGoals
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement

13. RG/BDFS Behaviour Statements
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement is a class of the behaviour instances. This class is a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Statement with extended properties. rscdfs:ResourceAgent class plays role of the subject range. Range of the statement’s predicate is restricted by rgbdfs:B_Property class (subclass of the rscdfs:SR_Property). An object of the behaviour statement can be represented by rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container (container of nested behaviour statements if root behaviour is complex) or atomic execution. rscdfs:falseInContext property makes a link to goal container, which contains goal statement(s) (because behaving has a sense when a goal is not achieved). If the presence of a Goal is a necessary condition for the behaviour, then context statements (condition of the environment) is a sufficient condition (which is represented by contextual container via the rscdfs:trueInContext property).
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rgbdfs:falseInContext
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rgbdfs:subject
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

14. Behaviour Statement Example
Agent has presented flowers to Mirja
Agent has money
rscdfs:trueInContext
rgbdfs:falseInContext
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rgbdfs:subject
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
Agent buys flowers
Agent comes to Mirja
Agent presents flowers to Mirja
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rgbdfs:hasBehaviour

15. RG/BDFS Containers
rgbdfs:Goal_Container is a class of the goal container instances. This class is a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Container in general. It represents a container of goal statements, which define the goals. Such container plays a role of context (via rscdfs:falseInContext property) for a behaviour statement till the goal will be achieved, and that is why it is a direct subclass of rscdfs:Context_SR_Container. rgbdfs:gMember property is a redefined from rscdfs:member property and defines instance of the rgbdfs:Goal_Statement class as a member of the container.
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container is a class of the behaviour container instances. As a subclass of rscdfs:SR_Statement it has a redefined rgbdfs:bMember property. A main role of the behaviour container is to collect the nested behaviours for a complex behaviour (represented by behaviour statement).
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rgbdfs:gMember
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:bMember
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement

16. RG/BDFS Complex (nested) Goals
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:predicate
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rgbdfs:subGoal
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
OOO
SSS
PPP
Some complex goals can be divided to the set of component sub-goals. Thus, goal container plays role of the goal set, members of which are sub goals of complex goal. A property rgbdfs:subGoal is defined in RG/BDFS-lite to specify the set of sub goals for a complex goal. The domain and range for this property are rgbdfs:Goal_Statement and rgbdfs:Goal_Container classes correspondingly.

17. Complex Goal Example rscdfs:SR_Statement Mirja has birthday
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:SR_Statement
Mirja has birthday
rscdfs:trueInContext
Mirja likes flowers
rscdfs:predicate
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rgbdfs:subGoal
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
Agent has > 10 EURO
rdf:object
rdf:subject
rscdfs:predicate
Agent is located at the flower market
Agent has flowers
Flowers
Mirja
has
Agent is located at Mirja’s home

18. RG/BDFS Behaviour rgbdfs:Goal_Container rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rgbdfs:falseInContext
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:subject
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rgbdfs:hasBehaviour
rgbdfs:Behaviuor_Statement
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rscdfs:falseInContext
rgbdfs:Behaviuor_Statement
rgbdfs:subject
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Execution
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rgbdfs:execute
Simple behaviour, which means performing a certain action (execution of certain method, code…), can be described via rgbdfs:execute property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class), which defines instance of rgbdfs:Execution class for a resource agent. This instance describes exact method (code, service and etc.), inputs, outputs and other features of execution entry. RG/BDFS-lite has rgbdfs:hasBehaviour property (instance of the rgbdfs:B_Property class) to define a complex behaviour (which means performing a set of nested behaviours) for an agent. This property defines a set of behaviour statements via behaviour container for a resource agent.

19. Behaviour Example Mirja has flowers Agent has money
rgbdfs:falseInContext
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Statement
rscdfs:SR_Statement
Agent has flowers
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
Agent is located at Mirja’s home
rgbdfs:subject
rgbdfs:Behaviour_Container
rscdfs:falseInContext
rgbdfs:hasBehaviour
Agent buys flowers
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rscdfs:falseInContext
Agent comes to Mirja
Agent presents flowers to Mirija
rscdfs:trueInContext
rgbdfs:subject
rdf:object
rgbdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Execution
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rgbdfs:execute

20. RG/BDFS Role rgbdfs:hasRole rgbdfs:Role rgbdfs:goals rgbdfs:hasGoals
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rscdfs:trueInContext
rdf:object
rscdfs:predicate
rdf:subject
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rdf:subject
rgbdfs:hasRole
rgbdfs:Role
rdf:object
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
rscdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:goals
rscdfs:Context_SR_Container
rgbdfs:Goal_Container
rscdfs:trueInContext
rscdfs:SR_Statement
rdf:object
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rscdfs:predicate
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rdf:subject
rgbdfs:Goal_Statement
rgbdfs:hasGoals
rscdfs:ResourceAgent
Another important part of behaviour structuring is an agent role and related goal definition. rgbdfs:hasRole property defines a role (rgbdfs:Role) for resource agent in certain context. Another property, that is related to the agent role, is rgbdfs:goals, which defines a goal or a set of the goals correspondent to the subject role via a goal container. Resource agent may have different roles and a set of goals can be different even for the same role depending on the context (environment condition). At the same time a set of the goals can be linked to certain agent directly (without role specification) through rgbdfs:hasGoals property..

21. Executable modules or Web Services
Agent Architecture
RG/BDF approach assumes keeping all the goals, roles descriptions and behaviour rules templates in ontology. The behaviour rules templates are described in general way with a purpose to be applied to any particular agent. Such description requires utilization of a handy and flexible description schema (RG/BDFS-Lite).
SmartResource platform contains a Resource History where it stores all statements about resource states and conditions, actions that are performed by resource agent and other information that can be useful for it. There are also can be located some executable modules (codes) that agent should perform as an output of its behaviour rule chain. Otherwise it should utilize external web services. Agent always should interact with ontology to be able to download necessary role, goal description or behaviour template whenever the agent needs it.
Behaviour template represents a rule for behaviour. Represented by behaviour statement the template contains necessary condition (goal) and sufficient condition (condition of the environment) as the contexts of rule performance and a set of the performance descriptions as an output of the rule.
Ontology
Roles
Goals
Templates
Resource Agent
Behaviour rules
Execution module descriptions
Resource History
Templates
Executable modules or Web Services
Behaviour description

22. Template examples

23. Role and Goal templates

24. Nested Goal template

25. Nested agent behaviour

26. SmartResource Layered Cake of Specifications
OWL provides ontological extension for RDFS, RscDFS and RGBDFS Schemas
SmartResource Layered Cake of Specifications
RGBDF Schema defines goals and behavior rules for GUN agents
contains ontological basis for RDF, RCSDF and RGBDF
RDFS
RGBDF document with encoded data about mental states of agents resulted from behavior
RscDF Schema defines context-sensitive properties for GUN resources
RscDF document with encoded data about states and conditions of a resource in a context
RDF Specification as a language for data representation in RscDF and RGBDF documents
XML as a basis for RDF, RDFS and document serialization

27. RDF Evolution towards GUN