1. Nuclear Chemistry

2. 3 Types of Nuclear Radiation
Alpha
Beta
Gamma

3. Alpha Particles Symbol: 42He or 42
Largest particle - Made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons
Stopped by paper or skin

4. Beta Particles Symbol: 0-1e or 0-1
Stopped by a few centimeters of metal (lead)

5. Neutron Emission High-energy neutron releases from nucleus No charge
Travels through most matter easily
Symbol 10n

6. Gamma Radiation Form of electromagnetic radiation No mass or charge
Very high energy – damage tissues
Travel through most materials easily
Symbol: 

7. Nuclear Reactions
Transmutation (nuclear decay) – change one element into another by changing number of protons
- Results in a stable nuclide
(Review – How many protons and neutrons does this isotope have? What happens if the number of protons changes?)

8. Nuclear Decay Reactions
(Particles and/or energy is given off)
Alpha Decay
Beta Decay

9. Bismuth-214 undergoes alpha decay.
Examples of Decay
Bismuth-214 undergoes alpha decay.

10. Silicon-27 undergoes beta decay.

11. Nuclear Fusion
Small nuclei combine at extremely high temperatures to form larger nuclei
Nuclear Fusion - YouTube
Nuclear Fusion (6 min)

12. Examples
Sun
Hydrogen bomb
Not currently used to produce energy

13. Nuclear Fission Nucleus splits into many smaller fragments
using neutrons

14. Examples Used to produce energy in power plants Atom bomb
Fission vs. Fusion Nukes - YouTube

15. Chain Reaction
Series of fission processes

16. Controlling a Chain Reaction
Control rods absorb neutrons and therefore slow down the reactions
Mousetrap reactor (side view slow motion) - YouTube