1. Role Of Institutions & Good Governance
Sustainable Mobility
by -
Ashwini Bhide IAS
Managing Director,
Mumbai Metro Rail Corporation Ltd.

2. STAND ALONE PT SYSTEMS Limitations
Mumbai Metropolitan Region – Transport Operators
80% of Mobility needs met by Public Transport; Lack of Capacity & Integration Cause of falling PT Share Need to address Governance issues to address losing edge of PT and Sustainability
OPERATORS IN MMR
Central Railway (Main, Harbour & Trans Harbour)
Western Railway
Mumbai Metro Line 1 (MMOPL)
Brihanmumbai Electric Supply & Transport (BEST)
Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC)
Municipal Transport undertakings of Thane, Navi Mumbai, Kalyan-Dombivali and Mira-Bhayander (TMT, NMMT, KDMT, MBMT)
App-Based Cab Aggregators like Ola/Uber
Taxis & Auto Rickshaws
Private Vehicle; $ Vheeler & 2 Wheeler
Largest PT, troubled by overcrowding.
Have Physical & Internal Fare integration.
Lack External Fare integration with other PT & Multi-model Integration
STAND ALONE PT SYSTEMS Limitations
Physical Integration with others
Fare Integration
Information Flow
Ease of Travel from one mode to other modes
Loosing commuters to user friendly IPT Systems.
Fast growing New age IPT
Address Mobility needs and
responsible for falling PT share (partially)
Consume 80% road space, 95% public parking, cause of congestion (Still Growing)

3. Rise of App-Based Cabs in Mumbai
Traditional Taxi/Auto service quality, operators behavior articulated IPT users to prefer app based services that offer;
Choice and quality of vehicles.
Door to door service.
Customer service & feedback - feel good experience.
Declared (pre) fare & Ease of payment.
Popularity soared despite surge pricing.
Backed by accurate customer data/preferences provide innovation in services -
Share/Pool Services
Inclusion of Taxis & Rickshaws
Rental & Outstation Services
Taxi aggregators like Ola and Uber have surpassed popularity of traditional Auto/Taxis in Mumbai

4. Challenges in Public Transport Integration
Organization orientation & Legacy issues; Leadership, Budget/funding, Fleet & outreach
Physically segregated systems (different RoW); Underground, On-ground, Elevated and Road based
Lack of planning & space for physical integration
Inconsistent / incompatible fare policies & political interferences
No data on commuter characteristics, preferences, research and analytics
Absence of citizens charter incentive
Compete with (PV & IPT) Modern fleet, personalized information based, service oriented

5. Major Capital Investments in Metro projects pan India
City
System Length (km)
Lines
Stations IO UC
Planned[
Kolkata
27.22
113.42 1 24
Delhi NCR +
307
110
111 8
225
Bengaluru
42.30
34.37
57.07 2 41
Mumbai (MMR)
11.4
80.0
156.8
112
Jaipur
9.63
2.4
23.01 9
Chennai 35
18.52
104.4 26
Kochi
18.4
25.6 
56.7 3 49
Lucknow
8.5
33 
140 33
Hyderabad 30
41.6
168 64
Nagpur 43 93 42
Pune
31.5 54
Source: DPRs of Respective Projects / Web based information

6. FARE STRUCTURE OF METRO Average Trip Length (kms.)
Challenges of Sustainable Transport in Tier - II Cities
Cities like Chennai, Lucknow, Jaipur are yet to realize 10% of ridership estimates.
Similar challenges expected by Nagpur, Pune and others.
Challenges in modal shift from private to public transport need to be analyzed.
Considerations -
Behavioral change
Affordable fare (willingness to pay)
Low integration and convenience
Fare Fixation Mechanism to consider local conditions and affordability including dynamic fare structure.
Objective should be to attract more commuters to high capacity systems
If not fully utilized fare revenue may not meet O&M costs.
FARE STRUCTURE OF METRO
Tier - II Cities
Average Trip Length (kms.)
Average Fare (Rs.)
Lucknow
( )
0 - 2
9 - 12
> 24 12 25 35
Kochi
( ) 10 21 30
*Pune
( ) 50
*Nagpur 15 41
Chennai
( )
Mumbai
( ) 40
* - Proposed Fare Structure

7. Governance & Integration Challenges to be addressed
Socially Equitable Infrastructure, ensure commuter safety, comfort & convenience.
Fare and Multimodal Integration
Seamless Connectivity through Physical & Soft Integration leading to Optimum Travel Time & Cost (out of pocket)
Passenger Information System
Access & Last Mile Connectivity to all PT stations/Terminal.
Improve Walkability and create commuter experience stations.
Encourage Non motorized Transport to PT Stations and Terminal with Parking.
In absence, the mega investments on infrastructure would not only be unsustainable but fast turn in to Burden to society (NPA)

8. Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority setup to address Governances Issues: need for empowerment
UMTA in present form;
Operating as a committee
Congregation of officers from various departments/Agencies
Lack of Data base, Professional inputs, commuter orientation
Empowered UMTA needed to integrate/regulate/enforce -
Lead by Professionals
Data & Research backed decisions
Provide an objective framework to all operators
Sustainable Fare policy
Propagate Multi-modal integration
Formulation of transport land use policies
All Operators to be accountable to UMTA; can remain independent.

9. Commuter centric Governance
Institutional Mechanism
Priority to Service Delivery & Quality
Collaborative Environment
Commuter, Ease of Travel &Sustainability
Focus
Ensure
Priority
Better

10. Thank you for your attention
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