1. Nouns

2. Common and Proper Nouns
Lesson 1
Common and Proper Nouns

3. Lesson 1 - Common and Proper Nouns
A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea.

4. Common Nouns A common noun names any person, place, thing, or idea.
person - man
place - state
thing - river
idea - joy

5. Proper Nouns
A proper noun names a particular person, place, thing, or idea.
All proper nouns begin with a capital letter.
person - Old Dan Canyon
place - Arizona
thing - Colorado River

6. Nouns
Most nouns name things you can see or touch. However nouns also name ideas.
Ideas such as democracy, hope, and friendship are nouns, too.

7. Guided Practice Listen to the legend of Old Dan Canyon.
Directions: Tell which words in each sentence are nouns. Then tell whether the underlined word is a common or proper noun.
Listen to the legend of Old Dan Canyon.
According to the legend, Old Dan has lived in the Grand Canyon for years.
Hardly any tourists see the hermit anymore.
Long ago, Dan colored the walls of the canyon.
The hero painted a rainbow in the sky.

8. Singular and Plural Nouns
Lesson 2
Singular and Plural Nouns

9. Lesson 2 - Singular and Plural Nouns
A singular noun names one person, place, thing, or idea.
A plural noun names more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

10. Nouns ending in s, ss, x, ch, sh add es
Singular
to Form Plural
Singular Examples
Plural Examples
Most singular nouns
just add s
dream
dreams
Nouns ending in s, ss, x, ch, sh
add es
bus
dress
buses
dresses
Many nouns ending in a consonant and y
change the y to i and add es
city
baby
cities
babies
Nouns ending in a vowel and y
day
turkey
days
turkeys
Most Nouns ending in f or fe
change to a v and add es
chief
calf
chiefs
calves
Nouns ending in a vowel and o
add s
rodeo
studio
rodeos
studios
Most Nouns ending in a consonant and o
echo
banjo
echoes
banjos
Some irregular nouns
the spelling will change
man
tooth
men
teeth
A few irregular nouns
the spelling will stay the same
sheep
deer
sheep deer

11. Singular and Plural Nouns
The sky had been cloudless.
2. Even the stream and brook had no water.
3. The leaf turned brown and dropped from the branch.
skies
Streams, brooks
Leaves, branches

12. Lesson 3 Possessive Nouns

13. Possessive Nouns
Possessive nouns are nouns that name who owns or what has something.
POSSESSIVE NOUNS SHOW OWNERSHIP!

14. Plural nouns ending in s Plural nouns not ending in s
Possessive Nouns
Noun
To Form Possessive
Examples
Most singular nouns
Add an apostrophe (‘) and s (‘s)
Pat has a new history book.
Pat’s new history book.
Plural nouns ending in s
Add only an apostrophe (‘)
The girls have a guidebook.
The girls’ guidebook.
Plural nouns not ending in s
Two women own cameras.
Two women’s cameras.

15. Possessive Nouns
Tell which nouns are possessive. Then tell whether the noun is singular or plural.
Six of the ancient world’s seven wonders are gone.
Egypt’s Great Pyramid remains.
The engineers’ skills were truly great.
The men’s tools were coarse and rough.
Now, imagine the world’s other six wonders.
Some books tell of Asia’s seven ancient wonders.
singular
singular
plural
plural
singular
singular

16. Lesson 4
Appositives

17. Appositives
An appositive is a word or group of words that follows a noun.
An appositive identifies or tells more about the noun it follows.

18. Appositives Examples: China’s first ruler, an emperor, is worried.
His northern neighbors, Mongols, might invade his land.

19. Appositives Note: Sometimes an appositive contains several words.
Example:
The emperor begins work on a structure, a high wall.

20. Appositives
Note: Commas are used to set off an appositive from the rest of the sentence.
Example:
The Great Wall of China, the largest wall of all time, is the result.

21. Appositives Guided Practice
Directions: Identify the appositive, then identify the noun it modifies.
Workers build the entire length, four thousand miles, by hand.
The workers, a million people, labored for years.
Ch’in, a strong ruler, does not like delays.
Workers pound the core, loose earth, until it is firm.
Builders work on the Great Wall, a twenty-five-foot barrier.
length
workers
Ch’in
core
Great Wall