1. The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths
Chapter 12, part A
The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

2. The Fungi Eukaryotic Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic
Chemoheterotrophic
Most are decomposers
Mycology is the study of fungi

3. Mycology: The Study of Fungi
Table 12.2

4. Fungi
Table 12.1

5. Molds
The fungal thallus consists of hyphae; a mass of hyphae is a mycelium.
Figure 12.2

6. Yeasts Unicellular fungi Fission yeasts divide symmetrically
Budding yeasts divide asymmetrically
Figure 12.3

7. Dimorphism
Pathogenic dimorphic fungi are yeastlike at 37°C and moldlike at 25°C
Figure 12.4

8. Fungal Life Cycle
Figure 12.7

9. Fungal Diseases (mycoses)
Systemic mycoses Deep within body
Subcutaneous mycoses Beneath the skin
Cutaneous mycoses Affect hair, skin, nails
Superficial mycoses Localized, e.g., hair shafts
Opportunistic mycoses Caused by normal microbiota or fungi that are normally

10. Asexual spores Sporangiosphore Conidiospore Arthrospore Blastoconidium
Chlamydospore
Figure 12.1

11. Conidiospores
Figure 12.5

12. Sexual reproduction
Plasmogamy Haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (–)
Karyogamy + and – nuclei fuse
Meiosis Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)

13. Sexual spores Zygospore Fusion of haploid cells produces one zygospore
Figure 12.6

14. Sexual spores
Ascospore Formed in a sac (ascus)
Figure 12.7

15. Sexual spores Basidiospore Formed externally on a pedestal (basidium)
Figure 12.8