1. BIRTH TRAUMA

3. TRAUMA DURING BIRTH OCCURS TO:
Skin and superficial tissues
Muscles
Nerves
Bones

4. TRAUMA TO SKIN CAUSES IATROGENIC Forceps blade Vaccum extractor cups
Scalp electrode
Scalpels
Poorly applied forceps blade or vacuum extractor cups
Fetal blood sampling
Incision of uterus at cesarean section

5. TRAUMA TO SKIN
MANAGEMENT
Keep the site clean and dry

6. INJURIES TO THE HEAD CEPHALHAEMATOMA
It is the collection of blood in between the pericranium and flat bone of the skull
It is unilateral
Over the parital bone

7. CEPHALHAEMATOMA
CAUSES
Rupture of small veins
Fracture of skull bone

8. CEPHALHAEMATOMA CHARECTERISTICS Never present at birth
Gradually develops after hours
Swelling is limited by the suture lines
Circumscibed,soft,fluctuant and incompressible
Their may underlying fracture of the skull

9. SCALP INJURIES
MINOR INJURIES
FRACTURE SKULL

10. INTRACRANIAL HAEMORRHAGE
TRAUMATIC
ANOXIC
PRIMARY HAEMORRHAGE

11. TRAUMATIC EXTRADURAL HAEMORRHAGE Fracture skull bone SUBDURAL
Rupture of small vein

12. TRAUMATIC CAUSES Excessive moulding
Rapid compression during the delivery
Forcible forceps traction
Wrong application of blade

13. TRAUMATIC CLINICAL FEATURES Baby delivered stillborn
Respiratory depression
High pitch cry
Neck retraction
Incoordinate ocular movement
Convulsion
Vomiting
Bulging of anterior fontanelle

14. ANOXIC INTRAVENTRICULAR Common in premature infants
Due to intense congestion
SUBARACHNOID
Due to tear of tributary veins
INTRACEREBRAL
Small petichial haemorrhage due to anoxia

15. ANOXIC PREVENTION To prevent or detect earlier
To avoid traumatic vaginal delivery
To extend the use of cesarean section
Administration of vit K intramuscularly

16. ANOXIC
DIAGNOSIS
USG
Doppler ultrasonography
CT Scan
MRI

17. ANOXIC TREATMENT Quite surrounding Incubator
Cleanliness of air passage
Avoid hypoxemia
Restrict handling
NG Feed
Fluid balance
Vit K
Antibiotic
Anticonvulsant