1. Connecting West Africa Ports to their hinterland
IAPH
Abuja, Nigeria
September 17th-19th, 2018

2. West Africa Hinterland Corridors
Three landlocked countries in West Africa: Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger
Five main gateway ports: Dakar, Abidjan, Tema, Lomé and Cotonou
Overall, for the five ports, transit traffic represents only 12% of the throughput

4. Typical challenges for West Africa corridors
High costs
Long delays

5. How the World Bank is addressing the challenges on the corridors?
First generation corridor programs in the Bank focused mostly on Infrastructure and Institutions
A series of Trade and Transport Facilitation Programs (TTFP) were designed:
East Africa (Mombasa corridor),Southern Africa (Dar es Salaam Corridors), CEMAC (Douala Corridor), Abidjan Lagos, West Africa (Tema – Ouagadougou – Bamako)
Second generation now include a strong emphasis on logistics services:
Abidjan Ouagadougou (PAMOSET), Togo Logistics, Dakar Bamako, Lome-Ouagadougou-Niamey (both under preparation)

6. The Modes-Nodes-Codes Matrix
Professionalizing and formalizing the trucking & logistics industries
Modernizing the organization of the trucking & logistics markets
Enhancing the competitiveness of maritime and inland gateways
Improving customs clearance
Facilitating transit
Legal and regulatory framework
Transport services contracting (e.g. truck queuing)
Regulation of the terminal concessions (port and dry ports)
Single Windows and TIPs
Interconnection of Customs
Structuring industry representation and organizing the public-private dialogue
Bilateral transport agreements (e.g. freight quotas)
Improving platform operations (e.g. port-hinterland connectivity)
Promoting compliance: risk management and AEOs for traders
Transit regimes (Guarantee, inter-operability of GPS tracking)
Promoting compliance (e.g. axle load);
fleet renewal
Reducing asymmetry of information
Promoting containerization to the hinterland
Promoting compliance: ethics and governance for public officials
Second generation One-Stop Border Posts

7. Modes: Pathway to efficient trucking industry

8. Nodes: Port-City interface
Many West Africa ports are also major metropolitan areas:
In Dakar and Conakry, the port is at the end of a peninsula, with the city standing between the port and its hinterland
Abidjan, Lagos, and others are fully surrounded by the city
Two aggravating factors:
Growth of private vehicle ownership
Inefficient logistics with long idle time for trucks within the city limits
Solutions are a mix of hard and soft interventions:
Physical parking areas outside of metropolitan area and short term holding parks near port
Traffic management and appointment scheme for terminals
Logistics zones and modal shift when possible
Scheduling (off peak or night transfer)
Programs and studies underway in Lagos, Abidjan, and soon Dakar

9. Codes: Reengineer the Border Procedures
Provide incentives to compliant operators:
Certification of ‘Trusted Traders’
Better trade information
Monitoring of compliance
Establish ‘Green Channels’
Risk Management Systems
Ethics and Governance for control agencies
Automation of border procedures
Border Management Agencies IT
Single Windows
Port Community Systems
Gateway
Port Authority / Operator
Border Management Agencies
Shippers
Logistics Services
Trade Auxiliaries
‘Green Channels’
Automation of procedures
Trusted Traders

10. Rethink transit regimes
Customs
Guarantees
GPS tracking
Border coordination
Interconnection of Customs for one single transit declaration throughout
Agreement between national guarantor for a single payment
Inter-operability of tracking systems
Refocus border interventions on procedures and not only physical facilities
Regional interconnection
Ultimately, adjust guarantee to risks
Licensing of GPS tracking operators instead of single concession
Rethink the role of inland borders within a Customs Union
Current situation: disjointed regimes at national level
One-Stop Border Post approach in its current form is a failure
Target: seamless transit

11. ohartmann@worldbank.org oahmed1@worldbank.org
Thank you