1. GAMALAMA ERUPTS IN INDONESIA eruption began at 11:00 PM
Extensive Mudflows Triggered
DECEMBER 4, 2011
Other Supercourse lectures on Disasters
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

2. GAMALAMA, WHICH COMPRISES THE ISLAND OF TERNATE, IS ONE OF THE MOST ACTIVE VOLCANOES OF INDONESIA’S 500 VOLCANOES

3. GAMALAMA HAS ERUPTED AT LEAST 70 TIMES SINCE 1538; THE LAST ONE IN 1993

4. 1715-M-HIGH VOLCANO GAMALAMA

5. 1715-M-HIGH VOLCANO GAMALAMA

6. 1715-M-HIGH VOLCANO GAMALAMA

7. PHYSICAL PHENOMENA
Simultaneous formation of large ash cloud and rain fall caused it to rain.

8. IMPACTS
No evacuation ordered, but thousands voluntarily evacuate Ternate to neighoring Tidore because of the threat of mudflows
Local airport closed.