1. Effect of Caffeine Intake on Finger Cold-Induced Vasodilation
Byeong Jo Kim, PhD, Yongsuk Seo, MS, Jung-Hyun Kim, PhD, Dae Taek Lee, PhD 
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 
Volume 24, Issue 4, Pages (December 2013)
DOI: /j.wem
Copyright © 2013 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Summary of experimental procedure and time line. CIVD, cold-induced vasodilation; V̇O2max, maximum oxygen consumption.
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.wem )
Copyright © 2013 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Temperature and time parameters of cold-induced vasodilation responses. Tf·min, minimum finger temperature; Tf·max, maximum finger temperature; Tf·diff, difference between Tf·min and Tf·max; Δtonset, time from immersion to Tf·min; and Δtpeak, time from Tf·min to Tf·max.
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.wem )
Copyright © 2013 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Summary of temperature parameters in cold-induced vasodilation under rest and submaximal (submax) and maximal (max) exercise conditions for trials with (CAFF) and without (NCAFF) caffeine. (A) Minimum finger temperature, (B) maximum finger temperature, and (C) difference between minimum and maximum finger temperature. * significantly different at P < .05; ** significantly different at P < .01; ≠ significantly different from Rest condition at P < .05. Values are mean and SD (n = 10).
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.wem )
Copyright © 2013 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Summary of time parameters in cold-induced vasodilation and plasma norepinephrine concentration under rest and submaximal (submax) and maximal (max) exercise conditions for trials with (CAFF) and without (NCAFF) caffeine. (A) Onset time, (B) peak time, and (C) plasma norepinephrine concentration.* significantly different at P < .05; ** significantly different at P < 001; ≠ significantly different from Rest condition at P < .05. Values are mean and SD (n = 10).
Wilderness & Environmental Medicine  , DOI: ( /j.wem )
Copyright © 2013 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions