1. Utilitarianism: Jeremy Bentham.

2. Utilitarianism: the basics
In essence, Utilitarianism states that you should act in a way which will benefit the most amount of people in society. The rightness or wrongness is judged by it’s utility: the measure of how useful it is at producing goodness for the majority.
Bentham argues that humans are motivated by pleasure and pain. Bentham was a hedonist (greek for pleasure).
They want to maximise pleasure and minimise pain.

3. Utilitarianism: the two sovereign masters
According to Benthem, the first proponent of Utilitarianism:
Goodness = Happiness = Pleasure – Pain (G=H=P-P)
Therefore, the two ‘sovereign masters’ of utilitarianism are pleasure and pain. The rightness or wrongness of an action is judged in accordance to whether it produces the most amount of pleasure (minus pain) for the most amount of people, out of the options available.
Bentham argues that humans are motivated by pleasure and pain. Bentham was a hedonist (greek for pleasure).
They want to maximise pleasure and minimise pain.

4. Jeremy Bentham: Who was he?
Homework review:
When did Bentham develop his ideas of utility?
What is the principle of utility?
What is the role of governments, according to Bentham?
How can happiness be attained according to Bentham?
Bentham argues that humans are motivated by pleasure and pain. Bentham was a hedonist (greek for pleasure).
They want to maximise pleasure and minimise pain.

5. 1. The Motivation of Human Beings 3. The principle of Utility
2. The Hedonic Calculus
Jeremy Bentham
John Stuart Mill
Rule Utilitarianism
Act Utilitarianism
Bentham argues that humans are motivated by pleasure and pain. Bentham was a hedonist (greek for pleasure).
They want to maximise pleasure and minimise pain.
Preference Utilitarianism