1. IN THE NAME OF GOD
Force eruption
Dr:Nahvi

2. Force eruption
Unerupted tooth
Fractured tooth

3. Tooth eruption Eruption delayed :
A permanent tooth should erupt:
6 months after natural exfoliation of its predecessor
Eruption delayed :
if the interval extends to more than 1 year.

4. Eruption of a tooth is considered to be delayed :
The normal time for eruption has been exceeded.
The tooth is not present in the dental arch and shows no potential for eruption.
The root of the unerupted tooth is completely formed.
The homologous tooth has been erupted for at least 6 months.
J Can Dent Assoc 2010

5. Most commonly become impacted
third molars
maxillary canines
maxillary central incisors
mandibular second premolars

6. Causes of Delayed Eruption
Localized
Generalized

7. Localized the presence of supernumerary teeth(most common ) Odontoma
dilaceration
malpositioning of the tooth germ
Crowding
calcifying odontogenic cyst
trauma to the corresponding deciduous tooth

8. systemic conditions cleidocranial dysostosis hypothyroidism
Gardner syndrome
Down syndrome

9. Criteria for Treatment
chief complaint
At least 3 mm of bone
The tooth is mature
J Can Dent Assoc 2010;76:a147

10. Alignment of an impacted tooth
position and direction
degree of root completion
degree of dilacerations
presence of space

11. Treatment planning:
1-surgical exposure 2-Attachment to the tooth 3-Orthodontic mechanics

12. surgical exposure
(1) exposure of the entire labial aspect (the window approach)
(2) a technique which exposes only 4–5 mm of the labial aspect

13. Attachment Gold chain Band Cast gold crown,onlay Threated pin
Wire loop
Direct bond attachment(the best)

14. General characteristics of orthodontic Forces
Optimal:light,continuous
-Ideal material
Maintains elasticity
Maintains force over a range of tooth movement

15. Force
Continuous
Interrupted
Intermittent
Extrusion gr

16. Continuous

17. Interrupted

18. Intermittent

19. Contemporary orthodontics

20. Direction of force parallel to the long axis avoid torquing forces
Oral Maxillofacial Surg Clin N Am 16 (2004) 75-89

21. Force eruption
Fixed appliances Removable appliances

22. Fixed appliances Removable appliances
Do not require special patient cooperation
precise coronal and root movements
Removable appliances
less chairtime
better oral hygiene
More esthetic

23. Removable appliances retention clasps labial bow
Hook(for attachment of elastics)
Finger spring,Zspring,Canine retractor

24. Removable appliances at least 10 hours per day.
Rest intervals,not to exceed five hours per day.
wear the appliance 24 hours a day, removing it only for meals

25. the elastics should be changed every two or three days.
Lingual tipping will be minimized when the labial bow is used for the extrusive force
JCO/JULY 2002

27. Fixed appliances coil : maintains the space
anchorage and balancing resistance
J Can Dent Assoc 2010

28. two teeth on either side of a multi-rooted tooth (4 anchors)
Anchorage support for the extrusion—a minimum of one tooth on either side of a single-rooted tooth (2 anchors) or
two teeth on either side of a multi-rooted tooth (4 anchors)
Use a heavy square or rectangular NiTi wire to minimize tipping

29. J Can Dent Assoc 2010;76:a147

30. Magnetic force For a patient with other missing teeth
Contemporary orthodontics

31. Elastics -light -medium(1/8 =3.18mm 127.58gr) -heavy
Orthodontic Elastics (3/8", 5/16", 1/4", 3/16", 1/8")
Shiraz Univ Dent J 2009; 10(1):7-15

32. clinical problems (canine)
1) Lateral root resorption 2) External cervical resorption 3) Dentoalveolar ankylosis 4) Calcific metamorphosis of the pulp and aseptic pulp necrosis.
Dental Press J Orthod Nov-Dec;15(6):18-24