1. Bell work: 11/14/13
In your own words, how would you describe a mixture?

2. Chapter Mixtures

3. A Review of terms: Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space
Element – a material made up of only one type of atom
Molecule – any two or more atoms held together by bonds (chemically combined) ex. 02 or H20
Compound – two or more different atoms bonded together ex. CO2 or H20

4. Pure – only one element or compound
Classifying Matter:
Pure – only one element or compound
Ex. Gold, Oxygen, CO2, Salt
Impure – mixture of two or more elements or compounds
Salt water, Milk, Air

5. Mixtures – a combination of two or more substances
Each substance keeps its own properties
Ex. Mixing sugar in tea
Not chemically combined to make a new substance
It’s a Physical Change!

7. Mixtures can be separated! Filtration Boiling and Melting Points
Separates solids and liquids
Boiling and Melting Points
Ex. Salt and water
Water boils at 100˚C
Salt melts at 800˚C
Distillation
Collects vaporized substances which are cooled back to a liquid

9. Heterogeneous mixture
Different components can be seen
Parts are in different phases of matter
Suspensions and Colloids
Homogeneous mixture
Appear the same throughout
Evenly mixed / uniformly distributed
A sample taken from one part is the same as any other
Solutions

10. Suspensions Opaque (don’t transmit light)
Can be separated by settling out or filtration
Examples:
Carbonated Pop, Salad dressing, Fog
In a colloid the particles won’t settle out
Ex. Milk, Blood, Jell-o, Butter

11. Bell work: 11/15/13
What is the Tyndall effect and how is it used to identify different types of mixtures?

12. Tyndall Effect – light is scattered by particles in a colloid
Tested by shining a light through the mixture.
Identifies a colloid:
If you see the beam of light, it’s a colloid.
If you don’t, it’s a true solution.

14. Solutions All parts are in the same phase Examples: Sugar water Air
Sugar breaks down from crystal shape and molecules spread throughout the solution
Air
Nitrogen, Oxygen, and other gases
Gems
Rubies - red chromium compounds in transparent aluminum oxide
Sapphires - light green iron and blue titanium in aluminum oxide
Metal Alloys
Brass – copper and zinc
Stainless steel - iron, chromium, nickel, and carbon

15. Parts of a Solution: Name the parts:
Solvent – material in the largest amount
Does the dissolving
Solute – anything else
What is dissolved in the solvent
Name the parts:
Kool-Aid
Coffee with sugar
Crayon (wax and pigment)

16. When a solution can’t dissolve any more solute, it is said to be saturated.
If it hasn’t reached its limit of solute it is unsaturated.
How much solute is dissolved in the solvent can be identified by the solution’s concentration.
amount of solute .
Concentration =
amount of solution

20. Separation Challenge!!
Come up with the most EFFECTIVE and DETAILED procedure to separate a mixture of salt and sand.
Your procedures should be a list of steps, not a paragraph.
You are in a lab with access to any materials you would need.
INCLUDE A MATERIALS LIST!!
The salt and sand needs to be separate and dry in the end but can go through any phase of matter during the separation process.
The winning group will earn extra credit!