1. The Two Party System

2. Historical Basis
The first two political parties in the US were _________ and __________.
Federalist
Anti-Federalist

3. Tradition
Americans accept a two party system because there has always been one.

4. Electoral System
Majority of US elections are single member/ winner take all elections.

5. Two choices- The candidate already in office (incumbent) vs
Two choices- The candidate already in office (incumbent) vs. # 1 challenger
“wasted vote” – voters reluctant to “throw vote away” on third party candidates.

6. Election laws are structured to keep minor party candidates out.

7. Ideological Consensus
Relatively homogenous beliefs
Parties tend to be moderate to attract the most votes.

8. Multiparty System
Typically based on class, religious belief, sectional attachment, political ideology
Strength- broader representation
Weakness- less government stability
Parties must form coalitions to rule.

9. One party system Dictatorship- only one party allowed
Old South after Reconstruction dominated by the Democratic party

10. Party Membership Voluntary Broad based Certain patterns
Race, Gender, Religion
*CAUTION* generalizations are risky