1. SSUSH8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and westward expansion.
c. Describe the Nullification Crisis and the emergence of states’ rights ideology; include the role of John C. Calhoun and development of sectionalism.
d. Describe the war with Mexico and the Wilmot Proviso.
e. Explain the Compromise of 1850.

2. [Essential Question Goes Here]
What was the Nullification Crisis and what role did it play in the rise of “states rights” ideology? (pg )
What role did John C. Calhoun play in the development of sectionalism?
(pg )
Create a Flow Chart on Page 3
[Essential Question Goes Here]
Beginning / Causes
Middle / Crisis
Effects / Outcomes
Write you the top of Page 3
Your Flow Chart should have 3 parts
Beginning
Middle
End
Use the Notes in the next slides to fill-in your chart
On the back of Page 3:
Define “Sectionalism”
Explain Calhoun’s role in growing
sectionalism between the North & South

3. Nullification Crisis
In the early 1800s South Carolina’s economy began to weaken in part due to high government tariffs, or taxes, on imports
In 1828 Congress passed another tariff, which many called the Tariff of Abominations
South Carolina threatened to secede from the U.S. over the high tariffs
Why would tariffs hurt Southern states like South Carolina more than Northern States?

4. Nullification Crisis
Vice-President John C. Calhoun, from South Carolina, supported the idea of nullification, or the right of the states to declare federal laws null, or void
He declared that states had this power of nullification because the states had created the federal government

5. Nullification Crisis In 1832, Congress passed yet another tariff law
In November 1832, South Carolina declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null, and refused to pay the federal government’s taxes on imports

6. Nullification Crisis
President Andrew Jackson ordered a warship to Charleston, viewing the nullification as a treasonous act
To ease tensions, Congress passed a bill that gradually lowered tariffs
South Carolina repealed its nullification of tariffs and the issue was temporarily solved
How was the Nullification Crisis
an example of sectionalism?

7. Bell Ringer
Benjamin Franklin was one of the leaders of the American Revolution. He was also a writer and publisher. He used his printing press to share wise sayings that he hoped would help his readers. Some of these sayings he wrote himself. Some he adapted from other sources.
Here are some of the sayings Franklin published. Read them carefully then say what virtues you think Franklin admired; write each virtue down in order of each saying.
A lie stands on one leg, the truth on two
One today is worth two tomorrows
Three may keep a secret, if two of them are dead
A quarrelsome man has no good neighbors
Up, sluggard, and waste not life; in the grave will be sleeping enough
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, & wise
An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest
Never leave that till tomorrow which you can do today
He that goes a borrowing goes a sorrowing
What do these sayings mean? Can you re-phrase them in your own words? Be ready with an answer…I’m going to call on some people!

8. [Essential Question Goes Here]
Page 4
Essential Question
Why was the War with Mexico fought?
(pg )
What was the Wilmot Proviso & the Compromise
of 1850? (pg )
Alternatively – you may want to describe the Wilmot Proviso & Compromise of on the BACK of Page 4
[Essential Question Goes Here]
War With Mexico
Causes Effects
Wilmot Proviso
Compromise of1850
Create a C/E chart of the War w/ Mexico
Next create a section for the Wilmot Proviso & the Compromise of 1850
For both the Wilmot Proviso & the Compromise of 1850 answer the following:
What?
Who?
Why?
Answer based on notes &/or Handouts

9. War With Mexico
James Polk become President in 1845, promising to annex Texas, and Oregon.
The U.S. annexes Texas, causing a boundary dispute with Mexico.
Polk ordered the army into the disputed area where Mexican troops opened fire on the Americans
Polk then declared war on Mexico, claiming they were the aggressors

10. War With Mexico
The American army is ordered into Mexico, and out to California
Before the troops can reach California, a group of American settlers revolt and take the area naming it the Bear Flag Republic
In 1847, the U.S. Army enters Mexico City causing the Mexicans to surrender and ending the war

11. War With Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war, giving the U.S. a vast amount of land in the Southwest
The U.S. now stretched
from the Atlantic to the
Pacific Ocean
Why would this treaty cause problems with the
Slavery issue?

12. Wilmot Proviso
Proposed in 1846, that any territory gained from Mexico would not be allowed to have slaves
The proposal upset Southerners, and though it passed in the House, the Senate refused to vote on it
The Wilmot Proviso continued a north-south sectionalism divided over the slavery issue

13. Wilmot Proviso
To counter the Wilmot Proviso and to ease tension, a proposal was made to allow the new territories to decide for themselves on the slavery issue, an idea called popular sovereignty
California applied for statehood in 1849, threatening to break the balance of free and slave states
Henry Clay proposed a resolution which became known as the Compromise of 1850

14. Compromise of 1850
Though the Compromise initially had little support, it was passed, by dividing it into smaller bills, allowing Congress to vote on each issue separately easing the tension, for the time being, over slavery