1. Agenda Warm Up Discussion: Revolutions in Latin America
Last Time for Study Guide Time
HW: Study for Test NEXT CLASS:
Wednesday 3/14

2. Warm Up
AP MC Questions

3. Latin American Revolution

5. Colonial Society in Latin America
Peninsulares
Men born in Spain, able to hold high offices.
Creoles
Spaniards born in Latin America
Led most revolutions
Mestizos
Mixed descent, European and Indian
Mulattos
Mixed descent, European and African
Indians & Africans
Oppressed minority.

6. Haiti 500,000 Enslaved Africans
1791, Toussaint L’Ouveture emerges as leader in the Haitian Revolution.
French attempt to intervene, and L’Ouveture agrees to stop the revolt if slavery is outlawed.
1803- Arrested and dies 10 months later.
Haiti wins independence in 1804.

7. End of Spanish Rule in South America
Two major generals begin revolt.
Simon Bolivar
Venezuela declares independence from Spain in 1811.
1819, surprised the Spanish Army and won, independence gained in 1821.

8. Jose de San Martin Argentina declares independence from Spain in 1816.
Frees Chile by 1817 after marching through the Andes.
Martin and Bolivar combine his forces in Peru.
Bolivar stays with troops, and in 1824 they declare independence in Peru.
San Martin leaves for France

9. Bolivar
San Martin

10. Mexico 1821 Mexico gains independence from Spain.
Indians and Mestizos play a role in the independence movement.
Miguel Hidalgo (Priest) makes the first cry for independence in 1810.
60,000 march on Mexico City
Creoles and Spanish army move against lower class Revolution
Defeat Miguel Hidalgo’s army in 1811
Firing Squad
1821 Mexico gains independence from Spain.

11. Brazil Peaceful exchange of power.
Petition for Freedom
Portuguese King escapes Napoleon’s army by going to Brazil.
Dom Pedro takes power, and the Portuguese king agreed to independence.

12. Impact of Revolution Independence brought an increase in poverty.
Lose of social stability
Lack of government solidarity
Lack of regulated economy
A united Latin America collapses and struggles with poverty and upheaval.

13. Objective Questions for today
Who is the major leader of the independence movement in Venezuela?
Who would identify as a Peninsulares?
Who identifies as a Mestizo?
Who identifies as a Creole?
Where did Miguel Hidalgo lead his Revolution?
How does Napoleon inadvertently aid in several Revolutionary movements in Latin America?
Why does Revolution lead to instability in the region?
Which independent movement differed from others in the region? Why?