1. Chemistry of Life

2. Big Question
What are the building blocks of organisms?

3. Atoms and Elements
Atom: smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
Element: substances made up of one type of atom
Cannot be broken into smaller parts

4. Periodic Table Elements are put into a table by groups and properties.
About 100 elements on table.

5. Molecules Molecule: group of atoms held together by chemical bonds
Some made from one type of atom
Example: Oxygen gas: O2 → two atoms of oxygen

6. Compounds
Compound: substance of atoms of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds
Most molecules are compounds
Example: Water: H2O → one hydrogen atom, 2 oxygen atoms

7. Types of Molecules Lipids: fat molecules Proteins: molecule made
Do not mix with water
Function: store energy
Proteins: molecule made
of amino acids
Amino Acids: make new proteins
Function: build, repair, and regulate
Enzymes: proteins that help cell processes

8. Types of Molecules
Carbohydrates: molecules that include sugars, starches, and fiber
Function: energy use and storage

9. Types of Molecules
Nucleic Acids: molecules that carry information in cells
Made of nucleotides (small molecules)
Example: DNA

10. Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane: surrounds and protects cells, and keeps cell stable
Made of phospholipids
lipid made of phosphorous
Tail: pushes water away
Head: attracts water

11. How does water get into and leave a cell?
Osmosis: movement of water into and out of cell through the cell membrane