1. USE A PENCIL AND AN EXTENDED PIECE OF WHITE PAPER
Follow along and draw EVERYTHING I say to draw
(I would draw small… you are creating a city during this period of immigration & urbanization)

2. Draw a river across your paper connecting east to west;
the river should be about 1 inch wide;
draw a simple wooden bridge crossing the river;
draw 2 roads one running north to south and crossing the river at the bridge and one running from east to west. 
Neither road need be a straight line.
Draw 10 houses
1 church
1 cemetery
1 store
1 pub
1 coalmine
50 trees!!

3. Potato Famine
Due to drought in Ireland, the famous Potato Famine begins. Poor Irish families need to begin to head to America looking for food and economic opportunity.

4. More farmland Because of higher population, you need more farmland
Add 5 houses
Add 1 nice house (this is yours)
Add 1 farm

5. Factories
Using technologies brought from the motherland, the Irish immigrants use the river to create factories for producing textiles (clothing, blankets, etc)

6. More Houses
Add 1 factory
Add 5 houses for more Irish workers

7. Add 5 new factories and 5 new houses.
Your factory has become a ridiculous success. More capitalists open up factories in your town.

8. Infrastructure and Immigrants
Word spreads throughout Europe that jobs and fortune are everywhere. Italians, and Greeks, and Poles board ships to America. Your people demand more infrastructure and more jobs. At the same time, new inventions on farmland leaves many farmers jobless. They move to your city looking for factory jobs.

9. The Growth Add 15 houses 1 church 1 synagogue 1 pub 1 general store
2 more factories

10. New Found Freedom
Freed slaves move north after the Civil War looking for jobs in northern cities. There are ample jobs, but the discrimination still exists.

11. Freedmen Build 1 more factory Build 1 more nice house
Build 4 more houses

12. As more immigrants arrive in America, there is a need for more housing
As more immigrants arrive in America, there is a need for more housing. For the first time, a new type of building is created, tenements. Tenement housing are cheaply built apartments that allow many families to live in one apartment. Bosnians and Turks arrive to your town looking for jobs.

14. More housing
Add 5 tenements

15. Social Structures
It is now 1870.  More workers need to live, eat, shop, drink, worship.  We need the social support services to go along with the demand.    Since workers in the factories work 6 days a week, the only day of rest is Sunday. 

16. More Social Structures
Add 1 store
1 pub
1 church
1 school for wealthy boys
Destroy 5 houses and replace with 4 tenements

17. The Factory Boom
Your water power factories are old. Finally, you are able to upgrade to factories using coal fired steam. You can now build factories away from the water and there is even more need for workers. The workers work 15 hour days, 6 days a week.

18. Factory Boom Add smoke to all existing factories Build 8 new factories
Add 2 more nice houses
Add 5 houses
Add 1 tenement

19. The year is 1890.  There is a great demand for coal right now:  home-heating, fuel for the steam engines, for the production of iron. The work is dangerous and unhealthy.  Children become victims of black lung, explosions, & accidents.  Their growth is stunted as they spend their 14 hour day stooped over.  They are malnourished and unable to exercise or eat properly.  Casualty rates go up. 

20. Death and Decay
Build 1 more cemetery
Build 2 more coal mines

21. Railroad Comes to Town- 1890s
The railways that connected Chicago to the east have now expanded west. The explosion in cattle driving, slaughter, and production calls for a need in transportation. The railway connecting Chicago to Kansas City is based in your town. With the railroads come the money made from transporting cattle.

22. Railroad Add 1 railroad next to 1 of your roads Add 4 tenements
Build 5 more nice houses
Build 1 more church
Build 1 theatre
Build 1 more school

23. Answer the following questions on the back
Why did the immigrants move to your city?
What happened to many of the freed slaves after the Civil War?
How did your city grow as more people came?
What was it like to work in the factories?
What happened when the railroad came to town?