1. 14.3
Population Dynamics

2. 14.3
Population density is the number of individuals that live in a defined area.
Population density is a measurement of the number of individuals living in a defined space.
Scientists can calculate population density.

3. Population dispersion refers to how a population is spread in an area.
14.3
Geographic dispersion of a population shows how individuals in a population are spaced.
Population dispersion refers to how a population is spread in an area.
Clumped
dispersion
Uniform
Random

4. 14.3
There are three types of dispersion.
clumped

5. 14.3
There are three types of dispersion.
uniform

6. 14.3
There are three types of dispersion.
random

7. 14.3
Survivorship curves help to describe the reproductive strategy of a species.
A survivorship curve is a diagram showing the number of surviving members over time from a measured set of births.

8. 14.3
Survivorship curves can be type I, II or III.
Type I—low level of infant mortality and an older population
common to large mammals and humans
Type II—survivorship rate is equal at all stages of life
common to birds and reptiles
Type III—very high birth rate, very high infant mortality
common to invertebrates and plants

9. 14.3
An Organism has 10 offspring. Two of these offspring die each year over a 5 year period. Is this organism more likely to be a bird or insect? Explain.
The organism is a bird because the mortality pattern described is closest to type II.
Insects tend to be type III, with many offspring and high mortality early in life stages

10. 14.4
Changes in a population’s size are determined by immigration, births, emigration, and deaths.
The size of a population is always changing.
Four factors affect the size of a population.
immigration
births
emigration
deaths

11. Population growth is based on available resources.
14.4
Population growth is based on available resources.
Exponential growth is a rapid population increase due to an abundance of resources.

12. 14.4
Logistic growth is due to a population facing limited resources.

13. Ecological factors limit population growth.
14.4
Ecological factors limit population growth.
Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals in a population that the environment can support.
A limiting factor is something that keeps the size of a population down.
Density-dependent limiting factors are affected by the number of individuals in a given area.

14. 14.4
Density-dependent limiting factors are affected by the number of individuals in a given area.
predation
competition
parasitism and disease

15. 14.4
Density-independent limiting factors limit a population’s growth regardless of the density.
unusual weather
natural disasters
human activities

16. What 4 factors determine the growth rate of a population?
14.4
What 4 factors determine the growth rate of a population?
Immigration
Births
Deaths
Emigration

17. How does carrying capacity affect the size of a population?
14.4
How does carrying capacity affect the size of a population?
Carrying capacity limits the size of a population

18. 14.4
What is the main difference between a density-dependent limiting factor and a density-independent limiting factor? Give an example of each.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
A density independent limiting factor is not affected by population size/density
These are usually ABIOTIC limiting factors such as
Weather
Forrest fires
Natural disasters
Human activities
A density dependent limiting fact is affected by the number of individuals in a given area
These are usually BIOTIC limiting facto=rs such as
Predation
Competition
Disease

19. 14.4
What might cause exponential growth to occur only for a short period when a new species is introduced to a resource filled environment.
Eventually, the growing population will consume all the resources, and the species may experience a population crash.

20. 14.4
Give an example of how a symbiotic relationship could cause a population to crash.
If a parasite or disease spreads in a dense population, it could cause a population to decline dramatically over a short period of time.