1. Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession (15.3)

2. Election of 1860
Republicans and Democrats greatly divided on the platform of slavery and how/if states should decide to be free states or slave states.
Nominee for President-
Republicans- Abraham Lincoln
Democrats- divided- Northerners backed Stephen A. Douglas and Southerners backed John Breckinridge
The race for president became two races, one in the North and one in the south.

3. Election of 1860
Lincoln and Breckinridge were considered to have the most extreme views on slavery.
Lincoln opposed the expansion of slavery into the new states
Breckinridge wanted the Federal Government to protect the slave states that already existed.
Douglass wanted the government to pass new laws on slavery, very moderate on what those laws would be.
Lincoln won the election. The South was sure that the Republican victory was a threat to their way of life.

4. Election 1860 video
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5. Southern Secession
Before the election the south had threatened to secede if Lincoln won. They did not want the Federal Government that was so far away to change their lifestyles and means of income.
December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union. Shortly after other deep south states who depended on slavery to run plantations also seceded.
The seceded states met in February 1861 to form the Confederate States of America. They elected Jefferson Davis as president.

6. Confederate States of America
February President Jefferson Davis
Confederates drafted a Constitution- modeled after the US’s.
Major differences were
stronger states rights
protected slavery

7. Unions Response
Northerners considered the South's succession to be unconstitutional.
The south raised the issue of majority rule. They claimed that the north was going to use their majority to force the south to follow their laws.
In 1861, Rep. John J. Crittenden of Kentucky offered a compromise that slavery would be legal in the south, below the Missouri Compromise line, and illegal in the north.
It failed in the Senate.

8. Lincoln’s Inauguration
March 4, 1861, Lincoln took the Oath of Office for the President position.
He assured the South that he had no intention of abolishing slavery.
He spoke forcefully against secession.
He appealed to friendship in the South.
He didn’t want to invade the South but he wanted to protect the rights of the Federal Government.