1. British Imperialism in India and China

2. Warm Up
The Berlin Conference was a meeting between European powers to decide who would get which part of Africa. No Africans were present at the meeting.
Industrialization required natural resources, as well as markets for your goods. Taking over weaker countries allowed European countries to get both materials and markets for their goods.

3. Background
India had been ruled for hundreds of years by the Mughal empire.
The British East India Company started doing business there in the 1600’s, and when the Mughal Empire declined, the B.E.C. took over

4. Indian Diversity
India is a very large country with an extremely diverse population.
The British East India Company exploited this by turning parts of the population against each other.
This “divide and conquer” technique allowed them to solidify control.

5. Rebellion
The Sepoys (SEE-poyz) were Indian soldiers who were under the British command.
The East India company made a few moves that greatly outraged them.
1. Required them to travel overseas (was against their religion)
2. Made bullets greased with animal fat (either pig or cow, which was offensive to Muslims and Hindus, the major religions of the Sepoys)

6. Sepoy Rebellion
The Sepoys organized and tried to fight against the British.
They lost and the British responded by torching lots of villages.
This was the end of the East India Company rule, and India came under direct control of the British Crown.

7. Direct British Rule
Britain was in India to get raw materials and to use India as a market for their goods.
Thus, they made many “improvements” to India.
Roads
Telegraph
Schools
Better Medicine

8. British Rule
Many elite Indians actually liked British culture and felt they could learn a lot from it.
The British would often put these elite Indians into positions of power, thinking they would be loyal to the crown.
However, as time went on, these elite Indians actually began to form an Indian Nationalist movement, something the British did not want to happen.

9. Positives and Negatives
Use this number system (1, 2, 3).
1- Not that good/bad
2- Pretty good/bad
3- Really good/bad

10. Imperialism in China
Up until the late 1700’s, China enjoyed a surplus in trade with the West
They exported more than they imported, for a net profit.

11. Things change. Britain starts to trade Opium to the Chinese for tea
China gets hooked on the drug and this causes many societal problems
They ask Britain to stop brining Opium, Britain says no.
Chinese rebel, they are easily crushed.

12. Britain takes advantage
They force the Chinese to sing the Treaty of Nanjing
Chinese have to pay for damages of the Opium war
Britain gets Island of Hong Kong
China has to open more ports to the British
British citizens living in China are subject to British rule, not Chinese rule

13. Rebellion within China
During the middle of the 1800’s, China was involved in civil war.
The Qing dynasty was under attack from the rural peasants
This became known as the “Taiping Rebellion,” and it lasted 14 years
During this time European powers take advantage and gain more land from China.

14. War with Japan
By the late 1800’s China is still not sold on “modernizing.”
Japan was, however, and Japan fought China in the Sino-Japanese war and crushed them.
This demonstrated China’s weakness

15. Countries take advantage
British take Chang River valley
French get Indochina (Vietnam)
Germans and Russians get territory in Northern China

16. Open Door Policy
The European Nations, and Murica, made this policy that said all countries have an equal right to Chinese trade.
Not invited to the Conference: The Chinese

17. This leads to the Boxer Rebellion…..