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Imperatives and Vocatives
How to tell people what to do and make sure they know you’re talking to them.
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Marcus dormit.
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Marcus dormit.
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Marcus prope arborem dormit.
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Marce! noli dormire!
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Marce! surge!
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Marcus surgit.
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Marcus surgit.
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Lucius quoque dormit.
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Marce, Lucium excita.
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Marcus Lucium non excitat.
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Luci! noli dormire!
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Luci! surge!
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Lucius surgit.
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Marcus et Lucius exspectant.
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sed.. cur vos excitabam?
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nescio.
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Marce! Luci! dormite!
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Marce et Luci! nolite narratorem petere!
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Marce et Luci! nolite narratorem petere!
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eheu.
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To make a singular imperative (command): Infinitive – “re” e. g
To make a singular imperative (command): Infinitive – “re” e.g. laborare – “re”= labora! e.g. docēre – “re”= doce! e.g. surgere – “re”= surge! e.g. dormire – “re”= dormi!
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To make a plural imperative (command): Singular Command + “te” e. g
To make a plural imperative (command): Singular Command + “te” e.g. labora + “te”= laborate! e.g. doce + “te”= docete! e.g. surge + “te”= surgite! e.g. dormi + “te”= dormite!
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Negative Commands: “noli” = “don’t” singular “nolite” = “don’t” plural Add an infinitive to make the command: e.g. noli dormire = “don’t sleep” e.g. nolite petere = “don’t attack”
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Vocative: To get someone’s attention
Vocative: To get someone’s attention. All nouns use the nominative form except 2nd Declension Singular So… If the noun ends in “-us” then replace it with “-e” If the noun ends in “-ius” then remove the “-us”
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Vocative: e. g. Marcus – “us” + “e”= Marce e. g
Vocative: e.g. Marcus – “us” + “e”= Marce e.g. Lucius – “us” = Luci as in “heus, Marce, da mihi cibum!” or “heus, Luci, da mihi pecuniam!”
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