1. Chapter 19 The Nile River: A Journey from Source to Mouth
Regional Geography
Mrs. Lori Pearson

2. The essential question:
How do rivers change as they flow across the Earth’s surface?

3. GEOTERMS Hydroelectric potential
the electrical power that can be generated from flowing water

7. Aswan, Egypt

8. Hoover Dam, Las Vegas, NV

9. GEOTERMS Hydroelectric potential Perennial irrigation
the electrical power that can be generated from flowing water
Perennial irrigation
“Perennial” means lasting through the year
a system that allows for the year-round watering of crops

10. canals, pumps, “sprinklers”

11. GEOTERMS Hydroelectric potential
the electrical power that can be generated from flowing water
Perennial irrigation
a system that allows for the year-round watering of crops
River basin
the area drained by a river and its tributaries. These tributaries are the smaller streams that flow into the main river. Rain falling anywhere in a river basin will eventually flow into the main river.

12. Congo River Basin

14. Water cycle
the movement of water from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere and back again. (p. 290)

15. The Geographic Setting
The World’s Longest River
Nile River has two branches
White Nile (longest = 4,160 miles)
Blue Nile – meets in Ethiopia
Source is the highlands of Burundi
Rises and falls with the seasons
Its gifts…
water for washing, cooking, drinking, and crops
Seasonal flooding leaves deposits of rich silt on river banks
transportation and energy

16. Water for drinking and crops

17. Crops and Transportation

18. Hydroelectric Power Facility

19. The Beginnings of the Nile
From Rainwater to Rivers: The Water Cycle
1. Evaporation
2. Water vapor
3. Condensation
4. Precipitation
5. Infiltration
6. Runoff
Be able to label the diagram on page 290
(Every western cowboy participates in rodeos.)

20. The Ten Features from south to north

21. # 1 Lake Victoria the source of the White Nile
Named after Queen Victoria of England
Remained a mystery for many years
Rainfall feeds the White Nile

23. Largest Lakes by Surface Area
1. Caspian Sea - Asia - 143,000 sq mi 2. Lake Superior - North America - 31,698 sq mi
3. Lake Victoria - Africa - 26,563 sq mi
4. Lake Huron - North America - 23,011 sq mi 5. Lake Michigan - North America - 22,316 sq mi 6. Lake Tanganyika - Africa - 12,702 sq mi
7. Baikal - Asia - 11,776 sq mi 8. Great Bear Lake - North America - 12,095 sq mi 9. Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa) - Africa - 11,600 sq mi 10. Great Slave Lake - North America – 11,030 sq mi

24. Largest Lakes by Volume
1. Baikal - Asia 23,600 cubic km
2. Tanganyika- Africa - 18,900 cubic km 3. Superior - North America - 11,600 cubic km 4. Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa) - Africa - 7,725 cubic km 5. Lake Michigan - North America cubic km 6. Lake Huron - North America cubic km 7. Lake Victoria - Africa - 2,700 cubic km 8. Great Bear Lake - North America - 2,236 cubic km 9. Issyk-Kul (Ysyk-Kol) - Asia - 1,730 cubic km 10. Lake Ontario - North America - 1,710 cubic km

25. Murchison Falls, Uganda
Outflow Torrent
Murchison Falls, Uganda

26. #2 As Sudd
Place where White Nile divides into narrow channels to form a complex swamp system

28. #3 Lake Tana the source of the Blue Nile filled by rainfall
floods once every year in rainy season

29. #4 Khartoum, Sudan
Overlooks where the Blue and White Niles meet and form a confluence

30. Confluence - where two rivers meet
Blue and White Niles don’t mix for a few miles after confluence

31. #5 The Great Bend The Cataracts of the Nile
Cataracts are waterfalls/rapids
The Nile passes over six cataracts
Slows river travel
Ancient kingdom of Kush

32. #6 Sahara and Nubian Deserts
They border the Nile
The river provides some nourishment for the small trees

33. Wadis are dry riverbeds that can experience flash floods if there is rain

34. #7 Aswan High Dam Regulates the flow of the Nile
Provides hydroelectric power
Lake Nasser is its reservoir

35. Aswan High Dam Benefits Negative Effects
thousands had to move when it was built
Abu Simbel
traps much of rich soil formerly deposited by flooding
chemical fertilizers
water-born diseases on the rise
; $1,000,000,000 (Britannica)
Provides hydroelectric power to 60 million people
City and industry development in Egypt and Sudan
Controls river flow (flooding, drought, and travel)
Created jobs by operating and maintaining the dam and allowing increased industries
fish stocks in Lake Nasser

36. #8 The Farmlands of the Nile
Rich and fertile from silt
Farmers irrigate their crops with river water
Farmers relied on the flooding of the Nile to water their crops, but now rely on Lake Nasser

37. Flood Plains of the Nile

38. #9 The City of Cairo Located on the banks of the Nile River
Demand for water and the pollution of the river creates problems for 10 million people
Sewage and industrial waste are dumped into river

40. #10 The Nile River Delta The Nile meets the Mediterranean Sea
155 miles wide
This land is rich and fertile to farm

42. Nile Delta

44. Rosetta, Egypt

45. Damietta, Egypt

46. Alexandria, Egypt

47. Beginning to Think Globally
Nile is the longest river in the world
Amazon River in South America is second
Yangtze River in Asia is third
Ohio-Mississippi-Missouri River system in North America is fourth
All rivers change as they flow across the surface of Earth
some natural, some man-made
water takes the path of least resistance

48. Global Connections
What are the main benefits of building hydroelectric dams?
Clean energy (no fossil fuels, no radioactive waste)
Reservoir is a recreational source
What are the main costs of building hydroelectric dams?
Submerge towns, farms, and forests
People are forced to move
Loss of habitats for animals
Do the benefits of damming rivers outweigh the costs?
Rivers change and have major impact on people

49. Beauty of the Nile River

50. Blue Nile, Ethiopia

51. Aswan, Egypt

53. Luxor, Egypt

58. Rusumo Falls, Tanzania & Rwanda Border

62. Aswan Fishing

63. Got perch?

65. Puffer fish

66. Tiger fish (32 teeth & up to 155 lbs.

67. Thank-you, Q and Colin, for the text and illustrations of the 10 features!

68. Essay Elevation profile of the Nile (page 288)
You’ll need to label the source and the mouth/delta
You’ll write a two paragraph essay describing your journey