1. S 6
Figure 6.43
ACh & nAChR
Locations of neuronal cell bodies, ganglia, pharmacology of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) at skeletal muscle (nAChR)
Diagram of NMJ compared to synaptic varicosities characteristic of autonomic postganglionic axons.
Locations and proximities of target cells and distributions of receptors on target cells.
Somatic = excitatory only at NMJ (ex. Reduced muscle tone)
Autonomic= exitatory or inhibitory depending on NTs and their receptors.

2. The Near-future in Physiology
Class
Lab
Finish Anatomy of Nervous System Ch 6.
Sensory Physiology Ch 7
Muscle physiology Ch 9
Vision Part 2 of 2
Two-point discrimination test
Auditory/Vestibular System
Answer Study Question for Vision and Auditory/Vestibular Systems. These will be separate sections on Test # 2 on Nov. 5th.

3. 1QQ# 14 for 10:30 X Y Z
List the senses that are associated with the regions of the cerebral cortex labeled X, Y and Z and which ONE of those regions you’d choose to be dysfunctional if you had to choose one. Explain why.

4. E17. A person with an anterior pituitary tumor in which all adenohypophyseal hormones are hypersecreted would be expected to have high levels of which hormones? a) somatostatin b) dopamine c) CRH d) ACTH e) prolactin f) TSH.
G4. Which are CORRECT regarding the post-absorptive phase? a) cells of the nervous system perform gluconeogenesis b) the liver converts some fatty acids to ketones c) glycogenolysis in muscle cells releases glucose into the plasma d) amino acids are converted to glucose in the liver e) most cell types metabolize free fatty acids and ketones instead of glucose.

5. G5. Which of the following can stimulate the secretion of insulin
G5. Which of the following can stimulate the secretion of insulin? a) the thought or smell of food b) increased activity in the parasympathetic nerves c) increased levels of plasma amino acids d) an increase in plasma glucose e) EPI f) incretins
T3. Suppose Trey jumps into a pool of cold water. Which statements are CORRECT? a) cutaneous arterioles may constrict even before a detectable decrease in core body temperature b) the cerebral cortex will orchestrate behaviors (getting out of the water, drying off, and putting on clothing) c) the hypothalamus acts via somatic nerves to produce rapid involuntary contractions of skeletal muscles to contribute to heat production d) EPI and cortisol are quickly elevated in the plasma.

6. N3. The part(s) of a neuron that has/have voltage-gated channels is/are a) dendrites b) cell membrane near the nucleus c) axons d) axon terminals e) trigger zones
N4. A somatic motor neuron cell body is located in the spinal cord and has a myelinated axon that forms a synapse on a skeletal muscle in the hand one meter from its soma. Which are CORRECT? a) The axon of this efferent neuron would be found in a peripheral nerve that also contains afferent axons b) Proteins synthesized in the cell body that are delivered to the axon terminal would require several days to arrive in the axon terminal. c) no more than about 500 Schwann cells would be present along this axon d) if severed at its midpoint along the axon, it would take about 100 days for the growth cone to arrive at its former target muscle. N6. For a neurons at resting membrane potential of – 70mV a) K+ is more permeable than Na+ b) K+ is actively transported into of the cell c) K+ and Na+ are crossing the membrane through separate leak channels d) there is an electrical driving force favoring the entry of Na+ into the cell e) there is a concentration driving force favoring the entry of Na+ into the cell f) there is a concentration driving force favoring the exit of K+ from the cell.

7. Figure 6.44 S 7 Parasympathetic (cranio-sacral) division)
Sympathetic (thoraco-lumbar) division

8. S 8
Figure 6.46
Antagonist = Curare
Antagonist = Atropine
Adrenal medulla is modified sympathetic ganglion that secretes mainly EPI

9. Study the Simpler Table Distributed in Class!
mAChR
Table 6.11
Study the Simpler Table Distributed in Class!
Emotional
Thermoregulatory

10. S 8
Why activation of the sympathetic division has widespread effects.

11. S 9

12. 12 pairs of cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves
Touch, pain, temperature, proprioception
Vessel stretch,
O2, CO2, etc.
Vision, taste, smell, hearing, equilibrium
12 pairs of cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves
Skeletal Muscle
Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Glands
Tracts, pathways, commissures
Nuclei
Control of digestive functions in quadraplegics via enteric nervous system.
Nerves & Ganglia

13. Sensing the world
Sensory coding: sensory circuits code for modality, intensity, location, and duration of external stimuli.
Transduction: the conversion of a physical stimulus into a change in membrane potential (electrochemical signal)
Signals are transmitted in the form of graded potentials, action potentials, and synaptic interaction
Receptors: cells that will respond to specific stimuli and perform transduction
The process of sensory coding starts here
Specificity: receptors are often sensitive to specific stimuli; varies with receptor type (adequate stimulus)