1. DNA
The Blueprint of Life

2. What is DNA DNA = Deoxyribose nucleic acid Present in all living cells
Contains all the information

3. Where is DNA found?

4. What makes up DNA? Nucleotides: a subunit that consists of:
a sugar (deoxyribose)
a phosphate
and one nitrogen base – 4 different bases
Adenine (A) and Thymine (T)
Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C)

5. A Quick History Discovery of the DNA double helix
A. Frederick Griffith – Discovers that a factor in diseased bacteria can transform harmless bacteria into deadly bacteria (1928)
B. Rosalind Franklin - X-ray photo of DNA.
(1952)
C. Watson and Crick - described the DNA molecule from Franklin’s X-ray.
(1953)

6. Discovering the structure of DNA
Erwin Chargaff – ( )
Columbia University, NY
Investigated the composition of DNA
His findings by 1950 strongly
suggested the base-pairings
of A-T & G-C
Met with Watson and Crick in
1952 and shared his findings
“Chargaff’s rule” A = T & C = G

7. Chargaff’s Rule Adenine must pair with Thymine
Guanine must pair with Cytosine
Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be about the same. T A G C

8. A series of 3 letters in a group.
Codons
G A T T A C
C T A A T G
A series of 3 letters in a group.

9. DNA Replication

10. DNA replication – helix unzips

11. DNA replication – two strands are separated

12. DNA replication – each side is now a template

13. DNA replication – two identical strands of DNA
Original DNA strands

14. DNA replication- you try it!

15. Genetic Mutation Game