1. AP Chem review
Big Idea 1

2. Info Schedule of review sessions During review sessions
Cover Big Idea from review book
Keep track of what we need to memorize
Work on questions from review book
Test taking strategies
I’ll put info on Edmodo
After march 1- not sure if afterschool review will stay on Friday
Available in my room anytime (flex or after school) answers to WKSTs and test etc.
I’ll review on Tuesdays but if you want to come to flex on other days to work in groups or check keys – sign up- my spring semester students will get my attention first on M,W,Th HW
Reading from review book
Diagnostic test
Practice tests
Lab info if want to write in lab notebook
Practice WKSTs

3. Test Taking Strategies
Test in 2 parts 90 min each
Part 1 – 60 mc questions
No calculator so math should be easy(ish)
Access to PT and equation sheet
3 pass system
40 min
10 min
Don’t leave any blank- GUESS at end (educated guess is better)

4. Test Taking Strategies Part 2- free response
7 questions- 90 minutes total
3 long – 17 to 20 min each
4 short – 7 to 10 minutes each
Calculators allowed
PT and equation sheet allowed
They give partial credit- answer any part you know
Math Type
If multi-part and need answer from a to do b and can’t do a... But you can do b make up a # to insert-explain why you did it- you get credit!
Units
Don’t squeeze answers up near questions, use space provided at bottom
Be neat and organized
Free response (wordy) type
DEFINE what they are asking for. Ex. Ionization energy
Step by step approach is easier for grader to find your correct answer

5. Big idea 1 Molar mass or sometimes called atomic weight – units
gram/mol

6. Mole Relationships Liters Mole Grams Atoms or molecules 6.02 x 1023
22.4 L
6.02 x 1023
22. 4 L
Mole
Mole Relationships
Atomic
Mass
Grams 6

7. Mass spectrometry
Isotope = form of element with a different # of neutrons
Mass spectrometry = a techniques used to analyze various isotopes of an element

8. Percent composition Ex. Ca(NO3)2 # atom mass Total mass % composition

9. Percent composition Total= 164 Ex. Ca(NO3)2 # atom Total mass40
40x1=40
40/164 x100=24.5% N 2 14
2x14=28
28/164 x100 = 17% O 6 16
6x16=96
96/164 x 100 = 58.5%
Total= 164

10. Electron Configuration
Energy of electrons is “quantized” –like steps
e configuration (1s2..etc)
Rules
Lower fill 1st
1 e- per box, then double up
Spin in opposite direction
Noble gas configuration
What is e- config for Si?
Noble gas config for Si?

11. Coulomb’s Law E= (q)(q) r E = energy of electron Roughly inverse prop.
No calculations but need to apply it logically.
If electron is closer to nucleus the radius is small and Energy is big
More charge on nucleus- more energy

12. Electrons as a wave E=hv c=lv E= energy
h is planks’ constant (on eq sheet)
l is wavelength
v is frequency
l and v inverse prop
1nm = 1 x10-9 m
1m = 1 x 109 nm

13. Ionization energy (IE)
Definition= when atom exposed to high energy radiation (like a photon) it can remove an electron
Closer electron is to nucleus = higher IE
For the AP exam ionization energy and binding energy are synonymous terms
This energy can be Joules (J) or electron volts (eV)

14. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)
Incoming radiation energy = binding energy + Kinetic energy (of the ejected electron)
Radiation energy is energy used to remove an electron
Any energy not used in breaking electron free from nucleus is converted into kinetic energy for the ejected electron
The faster an ejected electron is going- the more kinetic energy it has
Hi KE = hi velocity
We can use the kinetic energy to predict how close electron is to nucleus
Faster e- ejection speed = hi KE = low binding energy = farther from nucleus
Low KE implies closer to nucleus

15. Problem: Identify the element represented by the following photoelectron spectrum:
Look at x-axis- high Energy is closer to nucleus
Look at peak heights
Relate to e- configuration (1s2..etc)

16. Trends Zeff = Z- S Zeff =effective nuclear charge Z = # protons
Atomic radius-
Define
As go down period b/c you add an energy shell
DECREASE left to right b/c less shielding as add electron to same shell
Cations smaller than original (Ex. Mg2+ loses 2 e- and shell collapse)
Anions bigger than original
Isoelectric (same # e- ) series bigger proton, bigger Zeff= # smaller atom
Zeff = Z- S
Zeff =effective nuclear charge
Z = # protons
S = # core electrons
Bigger Zeff smaller atom

17. Ionization energy
Definition = Energy needed to remove outer most electron

18. Electronegativity
Definition = How strongly atom attracts an electron from another atom

19. What to Memorize Coulomb’s law E= (q)(q) l and v inverse prop
1nm = 1 x10-9 m
Zeff = Z- S (proton- core electrons)
trends