1. Cascading Style Sheets
Text Controls

2. Tracking
Amount of space between words and letters (kerning = space between letters, usually pair-wise). CSS uses word-spacing: and letter-spacing:
Helps to improve readability

3. letter-spacing length value such as .2em; 8px; normal
h2{letter-spacing : .3em;} this adds .3 em to normal spacing (so approx = 1.3 em)
Positive values add more space; negative values close up the space

4. word-spacing Changes the spacing between words length value normal
word-spacing: 8px;
Like letter-spacing, a positive value increases white space and a negative value lessens space.

5. line-height Used to adjust the spacing between lines
Use percent or ems: line-height: 100%; line-height: 1.5em;
a number which is then multiplied by the font size to get the spacing; line-height: 1.5
A length value (such as line-height: 24px;)
normal
line-height: 2.0; or line-height:200% will double space.
Often combine with font-size: font: 12px/14px serif;

6. Setting Text Case text-transform: text-shadow (in CSS 3)
small-caps (uppercase, the first letter is larger)
uppercase
lowercase
none
text-shadow (in CSS 3)

7. Text Alignment-Horizontal
left
right
center
justify

8. Text Alignment - Vertical
vertical-align:
super (used for superscripting)
sub (used for subscripting)
baseline (natural state)
relative value
sets the alignment relative to the parent –top, middle, bottom, text-top and text-bottom
percentage – raises or lowers the baseline proportional to the parent

9. Paragraph Indentation
text-indent
length value e.g. .intro {text-indent: 2em;}
percentage (proportionate to the paragraph’s width)

10. Controlling White Space
p {white-space: pre;}
which preserves the multiple line settings
h2{white-space: nowrap;}
Prevents line wrapping, no break tag <br/>
:normal

11. Text Decoration Used for emphasis text-decoration: underline overline
line-through
None
So often see a:link {text-decoration: none;} a:hover {text-decoration: underline;}

12. Text direction
For non-Western languages direction: